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Structural features of a green Qingdao petroleum coke (produced at ∼ 500 °C) were investigated by image analysis of high-resolution transmission electron micrographs, XRD, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The fringe length distribution was comprised mostly of fringes <20 Å, with a peak at 5–7 Å. The MALDI-TOF MS data also indicated...
Laser heating was used to study the rates and trajectories of carbon black during the earliest stages of annealing. A commercial carbon black, Regal 250 (R250 Cabot Corporation) was heated with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and a continuous wave CO2 laser. Structural transformations were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Micrographs were processed with in-house codes for the purpose of extracting...
Soot affects climate change and human health. Its structure is influenced by fuel and combustion conditions. Image analysis of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy lattice fringes indicates curvature is common and impacts reactivity. Here an improved curvature quantification determined the distributions of segment frequency, segment lengths, angles between segments, frequency of inflection...
The influence of particle size on the growth of nanopores arising from gasification of a South African coal-char was investigated using small angle X-ray scattering. Three different char sizes (75 μm, 2 and 20 mm) were gasified between 800 and 1000 °C to specific conversions up to 50% and the pore development during CO2 and steam gasification was compared. For the CO2 gasified chars studied here,...
Pore development arising from steam and CO2 gasification of a char, prepared from an inertinite-rich Witbank Seam 4 coal, was investigated using small angle X-ray scattering. The char, ∼75 μm, was gasified to specific conversions (10, 25, 35 and 50%) using two gasification reagents, CO2 and steam. A novel ratio analysis technique was developed to study the pore development from experimental data....
Experimental measurements and DFT atomistic modelling were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms for gasification chemistry of char with CO2 gas. The molecular models used were based on experimental representations of coal chars derived from the vitrinite- and inertinite-rich South African coals at 1000°C. The HRTEM and XRD techniques were used to construct parallelogram-shaped PAH stacks of highest...
Construction of large-scale atomistic representations of activated carbon aids exploration of structure–property relationships. The construction approaches for existing structures are limited in the control over the distribution of structural features. Here, an initial atomistic representation of a lignite-based activated carbon was constructed using a construction strategy that allows control over...
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