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The present study focuses on the experimental investigation on the optimal pilot injection strategy under GCI combustion mode in a multi-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Three experiments were conducted at a high-speed high-load operating point with different operating parameters and emission targets, namely engine-out NOx target, fuel injection pressure, and main injection timing. The engine-out...
Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) was investigated on a light-duty optical engine under different fuel stratification degrees, using multiple laser diagnostic techniques. The engine was run at a speed of 1200rpm and under a load of about 7bar gross IMEP. To form different fuel stratification degrees, the direct-injection timings of n-heptane were changed, while the port-injection timings...
Gasoline partially premixed combustion (PPC) has been reported as an advancing concept for high efficient and clean combustion, while there still remains some obstacles. In this study, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE), which has superior properties of high oxygen content, high cetane number and no CC bond, is employed as an additive to optimize the properties of gasoline and solve the problems...
An experimental investigation has been conducted to explore the effects of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) as the direct-injection (DI) high reactivity fuel in dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) operation on a single-cylinder, heavy-duty diesel engine. The combustion and emission characteristics, together with the combustion phasing controllability of gasoline/diesel...
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) is an emerging biofuel with properties of high cetane number (CN), high oxygen content and no C–C bond, which shows a significant potential to achieve high efficient and clean combustion and to be one of the competitive alternative fuels for diesel engine. In the current study, the effects of diesel/PODE blends on the combustion and emission characteristics...
A reduced chemical kinetic mechanism of the n-butanol/biodiesel blend was developed for dual fuel engine simulations. The reaction flow analysis reduction method was adopted to lump and remove the unimportant species and the related reactions. The reduced mechanism of n-butanol contains 71 species and 349 reactions. The reduced mechanism of n-butanol was merged into a reduced mechanism of biodiesel...
Toluene reference fuel (TRF) is a kind of surrogate fuel for diesel. Clarifying the combustion mechanism of TRF is a key to understand the combustion of diesel. Alcohols are added into diesel to reduce the soot emission from engines. The formation mechanism of soot precursors, i.e., polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in the premixed laminar flames of TRF, methanol-TRF blend, ethanol-TRF blend, and...
Effects of butanol on conventional and low temperature combustion were investigated on a single-cylinder diesel engine. Four butanol isomers, n-butanol, sec-butanol, iso-butanol and tert-butanol were added into diesel by volume ratios of 20% and 40%, referred to as N20/N40, S20/S40, I20/I40 and T20/T40, respectively. Experiments were conducted over a wide range of EGR from 0% to ∼65%. Results indicate...
To explore the more effective method to fulfill soot reduction challenges of early-injection conditions, different engine operating parameters such as intake pressure, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), equivalence ratio, intake temperature, coolant temperature, injection pressure and fuel properties such as using the blends of diesel/gasoline, diesel/n-butanol and dual-fuel were investigated on a diesel...
The spray, flame natural luminosity and soot quantitative measurement by fueling n-butanol and soybean biodiesel were investigated on a constant volume chamber using multi laser diagnostics with high temporal resolution of 15,037 frames per second. The ambient temperature ranged from 700K to 1000K was applied to mimic the diesel in-cylinder environment covering both conventional and low temperature...
In this paper, the study on the combined effects of EGR and n-butanol additive on the regulated and unregulated emissions from a CI engine has been conducted at a load of 0.9MPa IMEP with the speed of 1500rpm. Mixtures of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% by mass fraction of n-butanol with gasoline fuel were evaluated, referred as B0, B10, B20 and B30. The results show that n-butanol additive can effectively reduce...
A semidetailed chemical kinetic mechanism (473 species and 1267 reactions) to describe the oxidation of a gasoline surrogate fuel consisting of n-heptane, iso-octane, toluene and diisobutylene (DIB) is developed. The model shows generally good agreement with the experimental ignition delay times measured in shock tubes for not only individual components but also their various mixtures over a wide...
DMF (2,5-dimethylfuran)-diesel blends can solve the trade-off between NO x and soot emissions but increase combustion noise. In this study, 2% 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) was added into D40 (40% DMF by volume). Experiments were carried out on a modified single cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Results showed that with 2% EHN addition into D40, maximum pressure rise rate of D40 kept the same...
Biomass is the largest and most important renewable energy option at present. Because of similar physicochemical properties to gasoline and improved production methods, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) has drawn extensive attention of global researchers. But currently, little investigations have been carried out on DMF as the engine fuel, especially on CI engines. In this paper, effects of DMF addition on...
Motivated by the lack of information regarding an appropriate diesel fuel surrogate under low temperature combustion conditions, an experimental work had been carried out in a single-cylinder common-rail diesel engine running with diesel fuel and several diesel fuel surrogates containing the blend of n-heptane/toluene and n-heptane/toluene/1-hexene. The combustion and emission characteristics of the...
A thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production from oxidative steam reforming (OSR) of methanol has been carried out by a Gibbs free energy minimization method. The equilibrium yields of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and coke as a function of H 2 O/MeOH ratio (0.0–10.0), O 2 /MeOH ratio (0.0–1.0), and temperature (200°C, 400°C, 600°C, 800°C) at 0.1MPa are investigated. Methanol...
Experimental study was conducted to investigate the influence of the diesel fuel n-butanol content on the performance and emissions of a heavy duty direct injection diesel engine with multi-injection capability. At fixed engine speed and load, exhaust gas recirculation rates were adjusted to keep NO x emission at 2.0g/kWh. Diesel fuels with different amounts (0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by volume)...
An optimized reduced mechanism of n-heptane including 42 species and 58 elementary reactions adapted to charge stratification combustion is developed first in this study. Some engine experiments and a fully coupled CFD and reduced chemical kinetics model with n-heptane as fuel are adopted to investigate the combustion processes of HCCI-like charge stratification combustion aimed at diesel HCCI application...
The combustion mechanism of n-heptane have been investigated using a zero-dimensional thermodynamic model coupled with a detailed kinetic model. At low temperature reaction, the main initial reactions are NC 7 H 16 +O 2 =C 7 H 15 -2+HO 2 and NC 7 H 16 +O 2 =C 7 H 15 -3+HO 2 . H-atom abstraction from n-heptane...
The controlling strategies of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) fueled by dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol were investigated. The experimental work was carried out on a modified single-cylinder diesel engine, which was fitted with port injection of DME and methanol dual fuel. The results show that exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate and DME percentage are two important parameters to...
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