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Foliage Penetration Radar requires ultra wide band waveform and component design to efficiently detect targets under foliage. UWB designs are difficult at long wavelength, and have severe RF regulation compliance issues. When the foliage is sparse and the scattering loss is reduced, it is feasible to design systems in L-band where RF spectrum is available. A preliminary design approach addresses detection...
Foliage Penetration Radar has been widely studied for detection and characterization of objects under dense foliage. The radar performance for detecting objects under foliage has generally been optimum in the VHF and UHF bands, where the spectrum is already dense with other RF communications applications. When the forest density is low, L-band is an alternate choice for area surveillance. The geographic...
Traditional ground target identification from a standoff platform using SAR is limited due to inadequate integration angles and severe target motion. For UHF operation the integration angle requirements are magnified. However, this same phenomenology that limits the application of SAR opens the door for inverse SAR (ISAR). The principal challenges facing ISAR's applicability to moving ground target...
This paper derives a closed form expression for the distribution of the multi-look phase variable from elementary considerations for zero mean Complex Gaussian data, and further uses the results to justify the thresholding often used in along track interferometry (ATI). Further the target in clutter (TIC) problem is addressed as a hypothesis testing problem and the effect of the environment and target...
Multimode airborne radars have been in development for 40 years, providing detection and tracking of both fixed and moving targets. Electronic scanned arrays provide the ability to rapidly switch modes, and survey widely separated areas. However, the demands on high bandwidth and long dwells to separate fixed targets from background clutter counter the high area coverage rate for moving targets. This...
Detection and tracking of slow moving objects under dense foliage has received renewed interest in border monitoring and protection. However, ultra-wideband waveforms are required at sufficiently long wavelength to minimize volumetric clutter attenuation. Along Track Interferometry radar on a moving airborne platform has the potential for high area coverage rate and low minimum discernible velocity...
This paper presents a new adaptive radar signal processing technique for target detection and geolocation using radar data from platforms capable of performing simultaneous Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Along-Track Interferometry (ATI). Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) and ATI processing methodologies are combined in parallel to simultaneously image, detect and identify the geolocation of...
In this paper we discuss the frequency-jump burst (FJB) waveform as a candidate for performing joint synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging and ground moving target indication (GMTI). We introduce the signal model for simulating SAR data and the method for image formation. The ambiguity function (AF) is used as an analysis tool for determining whether the waveform under investigation has the desired...
Recent advances in wideband digital waveform generation, analog to digital converters (ADC) and high speed parallel processing provide the technology to develop ultra wideband systems for simultaneous synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and ground moving target indication (GMTI) modes. These systems are designed at either VHF or UHF frequencies to minimize the foliage attenuation and clutter masking of...
Surveillance RADARs normally share time for detecting fixed and moving targets. With modern digital waveform synthesis and high performance computing, it is feasible to collect signals that use space, time and frequency encoding to simultaneously operate in GMTI and SAR modes. This paper summarizes a new waveform and adaptive RADAR architecture with the potential for simultaneous SAR and GMTI operation,...
Foliage Penetration SAR has achieved significant operational attention from both military and civilian applications. To achieve the spatial resolution desired, the waveform must occupy fractional bandwidths near 100 percent, and integration angles on the order of π/2. Both design objectives are classified as ultra-wideband, and require special constraints to allow operation in the crowded radio frequency...
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