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To study the effects of hydrogen direct injection strategies on the characteristics of combustion and emissions of hydrogen–gasoline engines, an experimental engine platform was built with gasoline intake injection and hydrogen direct injection. The effects of hydrogen injection pressure and injection timing at a minimum advance for the best torque on the characteristics of engine combustion and emissions...
Oxygen functional groups play an important role in elemental mercury adsorption by activated carbon (AC). However, the adsorption mechanism of oxygen functional groups is unclear. This study investigated the effects of oxygen functional groups on elemental mercury adsorption using temperature programmed desorption method. Nitric acid treatment, non-thermal plasma treatment, and heat treatment in nitrogen...
Two novel sorbents (i.e. “regenerated sorbent” and “supersorbent”) for dry flue gas desulfurization were tested, and by-products characterized, using a pilot-scale version of the Ohio State Carbonation and Ash Reactivation (OSCAR) process. The main elements of the process consisted of sorbent production, a riser reactor, cyclone and baghouse. Trace elements, including As, Se and Hg, were found at...
Two Canadian limestones, Calpo and Luscar, were fully sulphated, and the residues were hydrated with liquid water and steam and then re-sulphated with synthetic flue gas in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Both sulphated limestones were previously classified as showing uniform sulphation patterns, and it was expected that they would not demonstrate significant reactivation by hydration. However,...
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by-products, including lime spray dryer (LSD) ash, have many demonstrated uses. However, concern about the temporal variability in the chemical properties of this material has limited widespread utilization. To determine the variability in inorganic and representative model organic constituents, this study measured elemental composition, leaching properties, polycyclic...
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