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Scope1,2‐Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are found in plants such as Asteraceae and Boraginaceae families. Acute PA poisoning via contaminated food or feed causes severe damage to liver depending on species‐specific oral bioavailability. For assessing PA bioavailability, their passage across the intestinal barrier was investigated using Caco‐2 cells.
MethodsDifferentiated Caco‐2 cells were...
The marine biotoxin okadaic acid (OA), produced by dinoflagellates, can accumulate in various bivalve molluscs. In humans, oral consumption of shellfish contaminated with OA induces acute toxic effects like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. However, tumorigenic and embryotoxic effects of OA have been also described. Current toxicokinetic studies with mice were performed with high cytotoxic...
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