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A newly developed copper foil which is chemically processed has been introduced as nano anchoring copper foil for Printed Wiring Board (PWB). This treatment technology enables good adhesion even on the nano-scale surface roughness by conditioning a copper surface of nano-scale anchoring structure. The surface roughness of the copper foil affects fine patterning capability and transmission loss. Fine...
Current mobile broadband network system may limit the growth of mobile services. In order to accommodate larger network capacity and higher speeds, the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system is desired instead of 4G network technologies, known as 5G. It is expected to start its initial service in 2020[1]. 3.5 billion Connected things will be use in 2020 in automotive sector due to the Internet...
We proposed on-chip spatiotemporal sensing for monitoring interactions between cells and environment using fluorescence multi-microsensors. The microfluidic chip integrating fluorescence multi-microsensor is used to construct the harmonious environment like in vivo to reconstruct high-quality organs ex vivo. Fluorescence sensing is suitable for spatiotemporal sensing with high spatial resolution because...
We proposed on-chip spatiotemporal fluorescence sensing for monitoring interactions between cells and environment. As a demonstration, Spatiotemporal variation of Calcium ion was measured and during transformation of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) to hydroxyl apatite (HA) in the microfluidic chip.
We have developed three-dimensional (3D) cell culture devices. The present study investigated that the effect of 3D culture of rat incisor-derived dental epithelial cells on their differentiation into ameloblast-like cells.
Mechanical stress plays an essential role in bone homeostasis. Although mechanotransduction-induced de novo gene expression is required for bone remodeling, the molecular mechanism of intracellular signaling, which leads to regulation of gene expression, is not fully understood. Here, we show that JNK and p38 [two stress-responsible mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)] are activated via ASK1...
Alginate/octacalcium phosphate (Alg/OCP) composites with different pore sizes were prepared by centrifuging Alg gels precipitated by OCP crystals. We investigated whether Alg/OCP promotes osteoblastic cell proliferation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. The analyses showed that cell proliferation and bone regeneration increased with an increase in the pore size. The results suggest that Alg/OCP...
Using a powder-jet-deposition process, a thick hydroxyapatite (HAp) film can be created on a human tooth surface. Two different types of HAp particles, calcinated at 1,200 and 1,300°C, were used. The HAp particle was mixed with nitrogen as the carrier gas to form an aerosol flow and then accelerated and blasted from the nozzle onto the enamel substrate at room temperature and atmospheric pressure...
We have previously reported that synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) enhanced differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro and also the bone regeneration in vivo. While the conversion of OCP into hydroxyapatite (HA) has been considered to be involved in the stimulatory capacity of OCP, little is known about the effect of topography of the OCP granule surface on its osteogenic capability...
This chapter focuses on the interaction between octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and fluoride. Synthetic OCP was incubated in 150 mM Tris buffer in the presence of fluoride at neutral pH and 37°C. Then, the effects of the fluoride ion concentrations on the process of OCP–HA conversion were investigated. The analyses showed that OCP–HA conversion advanced completely in a short time in the presence of fluoride...
The present article summarizes the factors controlling osteoconductive and biodegradable characteristics of synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) when implanted in bone defects. OCP is a transient precursor, which tends to convert to hydroxyapatite (HA) in physiological environment. We recently confirmed that the subtle change of stoichiometry of OCP from Ca/P molar ratio 1.28 to 1.37, both of which...
The differentiation of mesenchymal cells and the metabolism of skeletal tissues are regulated by multiple factors, such as growth factors, cytokines, and the interaction between the extracellular matrices (ECMs) and mechanical stress. Bone and cartilage are tissues that support body movement, which consist of tissue-specific ECM and specifically differentiated cells, such as osteocytes and chondrocytes,...
Since 2002, the Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry has proposed “Interface Oral Health Science” as a major theme for next-generation dental research. That theme is based on the following new concept: healthy oral fu- tion is maintained by biological and biomechanical harmony among three s- tems: (1) oral tissues (host); (2) parasitic microorganisms of the oral cavity (parasites); and (3)...
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