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The ultra rapid potassium current (IKur) is an attractive pharmacological target in atrial fibrillation (AF) management due to its atrial specific nature. An experimentally based 78% IKur reduction was incorporated into a human atrial action potential (AP) model under sinus rhythm (SR) and atrial fibrillation (AF) conditions. Its effects on cell and tissue level electrical activity were simulated...
The E1784K mutation in SCN5A was reported as a phenotypic overlap between the Type 3 Long QT syndrome (LQT3) and the Brugada syndrome (BrS). However it is still unclear if the E1784K mutation-induced changes at ionic channel level is sufficient to account for the two phenotypic and how they affect ventricular excitation waves at tissue level. In this study, we used a biophysically detailed computer...
Volume rendering of 3D anatomical and medical data would be valuable in medical diagnosis and surgical planning. In this paper, we investigated the visualization of the segmented heart obtained by the cross-sectional data from the Visible Human Project, and proposed an accelerated rendering method to speed up the original ray-casting rendering method. To provide a satisfactory visualization quality...
Slow conduction through the Purkinje-ventricular junction (PVJ) is thought to result in conduction block and ultimately re-entry under certain pathological conditions. The relationships between tissue structure, conduction velocity and the safety of conduction at such junctions however, are unknown. We developed an electrophysiologically detailed 3D model of the PVJ and varied the Purkinje fibre thickness...
Experimentally observed differences in the action potential (AP) properties - primarily, refractoriness - between the left (LA) and right (RA) atria are believed to be important in maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF). However, relationships between the underlying ionic differences in the LA and RA cells, as well as their impacts on the tissue refractoriness and susceptibility to AF are unknown. We...
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important index of clinical diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. Simulations of ECG had revealed the causative relationship between waveforms of ECG and action potentials (APs). However, those studies were mainly based on the Luo-Rudy (LRd) model or the Priebe-Beuckelman (PB) model. In this study, we developed a ID model of transmural ventricular strand based on the...
Sinoatrial (SA) node, the pacemaker of the heart, is a structurally and functionally complex tissue. The role of this complexity in initiation and conduction of the pacemaker activity is not fully understood. Computer modeling provides a powerful alternative way to experiment in studying complex cardiac phenomena. In this work we combine histological, immunochemical, electrophysiological data with...
Heart failure (HF) induces remodeling in cellular ionic channel kinetics and calcium handling in the ventricle. In the present study, we investigated the effects of HF on rate dependent electrical activity of human ventricular myocytes by characterizing the dynamic action potential duration restitution (APDr), action potential (AP) alternans, intracellular calcium transient ([Ca2+]i) alternans, and...
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