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Besides oxygen-bearing neutral gas and ions, the Saturnian rings could be a source of small dust particles of nano-meter size range. Electrostatic charging effect by photoemission and/or electron impact could lead to ejection of the nano-grains out of the ring plane by electromagnetic force. The orbital motion of low-velocity charged dust generated by mutual collision of the ring particles has been...
Molecular oxygen produced by the decomposition of icy surfaces is ubiquitous in Saturn's magnetosphere. A model is described for the toroidal O 2 atmosphere indicated by the detection of O2+ and O + over the main rings. The O 2 ring atmosphere is produced primarily by UV photon-induced decomposition of ice on the sunlit side of the ring. Because O 2 has a long lifetime...
A 3-D Monte Carlo model is used to describe the ejection of N and N 2 from Titan due to the interaction of Saturn's magnetospheric N + ions and molecular pick-up ions with its N 2 atmosphere. Based on estimates of the ion flux into Titan's corona, atmospheric sputtering is an important source of both atomic and molecular nitrogen for the neutral torus and plasma in Saturn's...
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