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As the conventional QAM has a square constellation, PAPR is high due to the corner signal points. To overcome this, the (3 × 2m)-ary QAM with even m was proposed recently. For odd m, the rectangular constellation has high PAPR and perfect Gray code, while the diamond constellation has low PAPR and imperfect Gray code. In this paper, we propose a scheme assigning quasi-Gray code to the diamond constellation...
The number of signal points of a QAM constellation in LTE is an even power of 2, with the sizes of adjacent constellations differing by a factor of 4, resulting in very coarse granularity in constellation size selection. This paper presents real-number M-ary QAM constellations over multiple dimensions that fill the gap in the existing constellation sizes and result in lower PAPR. In addition, we propose...
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