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Aims
To compare long‐term outcomes among participants randomized to buprenorphine or methadone.
Design, Setting and Participants
Follow‐up was conducted in 2011–14 of 1080 opioid‐dependent participants entering seven opioid treatment programs in the United States between 2006 and 2009 and randomized (within each program) to receive open‐label buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone for up to 24 weeks;...
Aims To evaluate reciprocal enhancement (combining treatments to offset their relative weaknesses) as a strategy to improve cannabis treatment outcomes. Contingency management (CM) with reinforcement for homework completion and session attendance was used as a strategy to enhance cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) via greater exposure to skills training; CBT was used as a strategy to enhance durability...
Aims A growing literature has documented the substantial prevalence of and putative mechanisms underlying co‐occurring (i.e. concurrent or simultaneous) cannabis and tobacco use. Greater understanding of the clinical correlates of co‐occurring cannabis and tobacco use may suggest how intervention strategies may be refined to improve cessation outcomes and decrease the public health burden associated...
Aims Clinical trials test the safety and efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological interventions in drug‐dependent individuals. However, there is no consensus about the most appropriate outcome(s) to consider in determining treatment efficacy or on the most appropriate methods for assessing selected outcome(s). We summarize the discussion and recommendations of treatment and research experts, convened...
Aims Dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and alcohol use disorders, and a dearth of professional resources for behavioral treatment in sub‐Saharan Africa, suggest the need for development of culturally relevant and feasible interventions. The purpose of this study was to test the preliminary efficacy of a culturally adapted six‐session gender‐stratified group cognitive–behavioral...
Aims The effectiveness of expert‐led (EX) and train‐the‐trainer (TT) strategies was compared to a self‐study approach (SS) for teaching clinicians motivational interviewing (MI).
Design Twelve community treatment programs were assigned randomly to the three conditions. EX and TT conditions used skill‐building workshops and three monthly supervision sessions guided by treatment integrity ratings,...
Aims To evaluate the changes over time in quality and quantity of coping skills acquired following cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and examine potential mediating effects on substance use outcomes.
Design A randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the effectiveness of a computerized version of CBT (CBT4CBT) as an adjunct to standard out‐patient treatment over an 8‐week period.
Setting Data...
Aims The Marijuana Treatment Project, a large multi‐site randomized clinical trial, compared a delayed treatment control condition with a brief (two‐session) and extended (nine‐session) multi‐component treatment among 450 marijuana‐dependent participants. In this report we present treatment process data, including the fidelity of treatment delivery in the three community‐based treatment settings...
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