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Introduction Anterior access to the lumbar spine is established for disc replacement surgery and anterior interbody fusion in the lumbar spine. The spine is accessed normally from the left side either by a transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approach through a midline or oblique skin incision. After reaching the retroperitoneum and depending on the level of exposure, the surgeon has to mobilise and...
We present an analytical model combining geometric and stochastic approaches to describe the effects of attacks and countermeasures on MANETs. In particular, we focus on the packet loss that can be charged to the misbehavior as well as to the countermeasures as a primary metric. For this, we model the entire chain of (1) MANET routing, (2) attack, (3) intrusion detection, and (4) intrusion response...
Delay tolerant applications allow time to be used as an additional degree of freedom for security mechanisms in mobile ad hoc networks. By introducing artificial delays for the communication of delay tolerant applications, we optimize the point in time for starting or continuing a transmission. We develop mechanisms to exploit the knowledge on the proximity of the sender, the receiver, and intermediate,...
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