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A general formula for the trajectory of atoms in an arbitrary potential with axial symmetry is derived. We apply this formula to show that an axially symmetric electrostatic imaging lens for ground-state neutral atoms is possible. Because of its simple construction and capability of focusing atoms of any species, such a lens system can be used in a variety of applications.
One-dimensional focusing of an atomic beam from a flat reflector is experimentally demonstrated. Focusing occurs because gravity changes the momentum transfer perpendicular to the surface depending on the height of the reflecting point. Theoretical analysis shows that, for a certain parametric range, diffraction-limited focusing of an atomic beam is possible.
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