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A sensorless method named Direct Flux Control (DFC), which only requires the different voltages between a neutral point of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) and an artificial neutral point during switching states of pulse width modulation (PWM) signals, is implemented on a real time system with a PMSM. The DFC method is a continuous excitation method and can attain the estimated rotor position...
IEC 62439-3 is a standard that specifies bumpless redundancy especially in the case of multiple communication failures. Whilst designed specifically for power system applications connected in ring topologies the specification bears an import beyond that of its initial topology domain that of ring based communication structures. As an example, the smart grid initiative taking place in the power system...
This paper investigates the use of a metal control gate for sub 30 nm NAND flash memory. It is shown that polysilicon control gates are not effective at reduced feature sizes due to poor electrical conductivity. As the physical dimensions scale and the doping level of the polysilicon decreases, especially at the beginning of polysilicon deposition, the control gate plugs become electrically non-functional...
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