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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive procedure where a weak electrical current is applied across the scalp to modulate brain function. The proliferation of this therapy has been accompanied by isolated reports regarding concern about their safety namely skin irritation. The potential cause of skin irritation has sometimes been attributed to increased scalp temperature during...
A computational study of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is presented using a concentric spheres human head model. Induced electric field distributions are calculated in the model using the finite element method. We simulated a range of electrode configuration geometries including: 1) stimulation with remote scalp electrodes, 2) adjacent electrodes, 3) belt electrodes, and two novel electrode...
Traditional approaches to electrical stimulation, using trains of supra-threshold pulses to trigger action potentials, may be replaced or augmented by using 'rational' sub-threshold stimulation protocols that incorporate knowledge of single neuron geometry, inhomogeneous tissue properties, and nervous system information coding. Sub-threshold stimulation, at intensities (well) below those sufficient...
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