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Besides the desired K-shell X-rays produced by Z-pinches, there may be unwanted emissions of "hot", >50 keV electrons . We used two types of diagnostic to look for such hot electrons produced by the Sphinx generator . Sphinx uses LTD technology to produce >4 MA pulsed power, driving large diameter (>=14 cm), long implosion time (>500 ns) Z-pinch implosions. Our diagnostics comprised...
Summary form only given. We wish to maximize the K-shell yield from high-atomic-number Z pinches (photon energy of ~1-8 keV) and to develop Z-pinch-based concepts for sources of higher-photon energy (~8 to 40 keV). To achieve these goals, large-diameter implosions are needed to: (a) produce the high specific energy required to excite K-shell line radiation from high-atomic-number Z pinches, (b) properly...
Summary form only given. The Sphinx generator uses LTD technology to produce >4 MA pulsed power to drive large diameter (>14 cm), long implosion time (>600 ns) aluminum wire array Z-pinch implosions. Recently, an argon gas puff load was developed for use on Sphinx. Specifically, we prepared a triple plenum, triple valve system that drives (1) a central 1 cm diameter gas column, (2) a wide...
Summary form only given. Several recent observations suggest an alternative view of the structure of a z-pinch. First, it is well known that for K-shell emitting z-pinches, pulse width and pinch size seem linearly correlated. Implosions driven by currents of 3.5 to >15 MA continue to show such a width/size correlation. The implied "velocity" of this correlation is ~40 cm/mus, and it is...
Summary form only given. Large radius implosions of gas-puff Z-pinches are the subject of intense investigation. Such implosions are needed to achieve the high specific energy required to excite K-line radiation from high-atomic-number (e.g. Z>26) radiators, for proper matching with high-current (~10 MA and higher) generators, for continuum radiator concepts that require heating beyond the optimum...
Summary form only given. While the characteristic "resonance" lines dominate the K-shell X-ray emission from Z pinches, the energy in the K continuum (free-bound and free-free transitions) can be significant. A simple model implies that the continuum could supply well over 10% of the K-shell yield if the plasma is warm enough and dense enough. We present here new measurements of the continuum...
Summary form only given. PRS implosion kinematics depend on the load current's time-dependent spatial distribution and magnitude. Time-dependent axial shunting of the load current to the return current posts can contribute to non-optimum assembly of the pinch on-axis, reducing the ideally achievable K-shell yield. The presence of plasma and the harsh environment in the PRS load region typically make...
Summary form only given. In order to implode enough mass to the high specific energies necessary to produce K-shell emission from high Z elements like krypton, large-diameter Z-pinch loads will be required for short current rise time machines, like Z and ZR. For long pulse rise time machines, such as Decade Quad, large diameters are needed for the same reason and, in addition, they are needed to effectively...
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