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This letter addresses two difficult challenges for transition metal oxide resistive random access memories (ReRAMs)—sensitivity to operation temperature and random fluctuation of resistance value. A careful study of a WOx ReRAM array reveals that these devices are unstable and their read currents fluctuate with time due to random telegraph noise and structure relaxation. Consequently, even after careful...
In this paper, we propose a linear pre- and post-filter for improving the perceptual speech quality of a vocoder based on amplitude spectrum of residual signal. The goal of the pre-filter in analyzer is to make the noise of spectrum inaudible. It attempts to hide the noise under the signal spectrum by exploiting human auditory masking. The post-filter in synthesizer is to improve speech quality. Experimental...
With the wide application of power converters, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem of power converters has drawn more and more attention. EMI is caused by high dv/dt and di/dt during the rapid turn-on and turn-off of switching devices, which is harmful to power grids as well as power converters themselves. In order to suppress high EMI peaks which discretely distribute in switching frequency...
Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) has been widely touted as a leading candidate for enabling the next generation of ultra-high density data storage [1]. To fully assess the advantage and potential of HAMR technology and to understand the physics of the HAMR recording process, extensive Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation-based micromagnetic modeling has been conducted [2]. Fundamental recording...
This paper presents the development of a state observer for a 2-axle railway vehicle with solid axle wheelsets. A plan view model of the vehicle is presented and a Kalman filter is developed to estimate 18 states from 8 inertial measurements. The required measurements are the lateral acceleration and yaw velocity of the vehicle body and the same measurements plus the roll velocity for the two wheelsets,...
Conventional ultrasonic C-scan imaging in composite materials typically employs peak amplitude extraction where the obtained image quality is extremely dependent on the gate setup on the ultrasonic acquisition hardware. Additionally structural noise created by scattering phenomenon is often high enough to bury meaningful reflection echoes, due to the non-homogeneous nature of such materials. This...
Resource allocation is an important issue in cognitive radio systems. It can be done by carrying out negotiation among secondary users. However, significant overhead may be incurred by the negotiation since the negotiation needs to be done frequently due to the rapid change of primary users' activity. In this paper, a channel selection scheme without negotiation is considered for multi-user and multi-channel...
We have constructed an 810 GHz receiver system incorporating a HIFI Band-3 superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer developed for Herschel space observatory and a wide-band SiGe low noise amplifier (LNA) designed at Caltech. The instrument is currently installed at the RLT telescope (elevation 5500 m) in northern Chile. Hot/cold (280 K/72 K) load measurements performed at the telescope...
The substrate resistance of 45 nm CMOS devices shows a strong dependence on the distance between the device edge and the substrate ring; as well as on the number of sides that the device is surrounded by the contact ring. We find that the unilateral gain is impacted by the substrate resistance (Rsx) through the gate-body capacitance feedback path at low to medium frequencies (< 20 GHz). At mm wave...
Electrical noise will play an increasingly critical role in future nanoscale CMOS circuit operation characterized by lower supply voltages VDD and smaller device sizes. Both of these downscaling approaches reduce the margin of immunity to thermal noise, alpha particle strikes, and threshold voltage variations. This paper investigates the noise probability distributions for both equilibrium and non-equilibrium...
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