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Electro-negative plasmas are widely used in plasma processing, ion source for neutral beam heating in fusion devices, plasma etching and ion Hall thrusters. Presence of negative ions principally modifies the sheath thereby affecting the direct transport of charged particle toward the wall or substrate. In some scenarios they lead to discharge instabilities. They are also responsible for various plasma...
Non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure discharges provide an attractive area of industrial interest, largely due to their relative ease of operation and usefulness in fields such as surface treatment of plastics, medical surfaces or even tissue1. In recent years there has therefore been a mounting interest in characterising these types of discharges numerically through simulation, as well as through...
Atmospheric pressure plasma jet sources2 provide plasmas that are not spatially bound to any electrode and overcome the need for vacuum systems. Typically plasma is generated internally and then convected to an ambient environment via a gas flow. Applications for non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jets range from material processing3 to recent applications in medical physics4. The finite element...
Anodic glow is an interesting physical phenomenon which is observed in front of the small electrode biased positive than the plasma potential. These anodic glows, sometimes referred as fireballs have generated some renewed attention due to observation of plasma instabilities (non-chaotic) in the electrode current and launching of electrostatic plasma waves. The present study deals with the investigations...
Context: There has been an increase in research into global software development (GSD) and in the number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) addressing this topic. Objective: The aim of this research is to catalogue GSD SLRs in order to identify the topics covered, the active researchers, the publication vehicles, and to assess the quality of the SLRs identified.
Smart Grid refers to the modernization of the electric grid through the integration of advanced technologies with an intelligent information infrastructure to offer numerous benefits to both electricity providers and consumers. The Kentucky Public Service Commission, the University of Kentucky, and the University of Louisville have partnered to develop a technical roadmap for the development and deployment...
A significant amount of research conducted in the Sonoran Desert of North America has documented, both anecdotally and empirically, major vegetation changes over the past century due to human land use activities. However, many studies lack coincidental landscape-scale data characterizing the spatial and temporal manifestation of these changes. Vegetation changes in a binational (USA and Mexico) watershed...
Uniform high density electronegative plasmas find important application for plasma heating by neutral beams in fusion devices and in material processing. In this work we present a constricted hollow anode plasma source (CHAPS) for the investigation of electronegative Ar/O2 discharge. The source consists of a series of equidistant stainless steel parallel plates acting as cathode with a small stainless...
The design of a mixed-signal Integrated Circuit (IC) for data logging and wireless telemetry applications is presented. The 3.3mm × 3.3mm IC is integrated into a RFID transponder along with a MEMS pressure sensor and FRAM memory. The sensor and memory ICs are independently addressable via the serial peripheral interface (SPI) standard. The IC was designed for fabrication using a 0.5-μm CMOS process...
This study aims to compare the use of targeted manual searches with broad automated searches, and to assess the importance of grey literature and breadth of search on the outcomes of SLRs. We used a participant-observer multi-case embedded case study. Our two cases were a tertiary study of systematic literature reviews published between January 2004 and June 2007 based on a manual search of selected...
For other domains that have adopted the evidence-based paradigm, the impact has included research outcomes having greater influence in terms of informing and influencing practitioners and policy-makers. We examine how evidence-based practices are being adapted for use in software engineering and discuss how decision-making in our own discipline can be liberated from over-reliance on expert judgement...
The aims of this research were to investigate the applicability of the systematic literature review (SLR) process within the constraints of a 13-week masterpsilas level project and to aggregate evidence about the effectiveness of pair programming for teaching introductory programming. It was found that, with certain modifications to the process, it was possible to undertake an SLR within a limited...
This work presents a 32 nm SOI CMOS technology featuring high-k/metal gate and an SRAM cell size of 0.149 mum2. Vmin operation down to 0.6 V in a 16 Mb SRAM array test vehicle has been demonstrated. Aggressive ground rules are achieved with 193 nm immersion lithography. High performance is enabled by high-k/metal gate plus innovation on strained silicon elements including embedded SiGe and dual stress...
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) based traction drives were developed and introduced into service in the mid to late 90s; they typically operate in a switching frequency range above 1 kHz. They were used in new rolling stock in the expectation that they would avoid EMI problems with lineside signalling and telecoms equipment which had sometimes been experienced with the lower frequency (c...
Intraocular pressure measurements are recorded in porcine eyes that have been surgically modified. The vitreous pressure is manipulated by an external connection to a fluidic reservoir and measured directly by a Millar mikro-tip catheter. Indirect vitreous pressure is measured with a Freescale medical grade pressure sensor at the choroid surface, within a scleral recess, and at the sclera surface...
We developed an extreme ultraviolet polarimeter, which employs laser-generated high-order harmonics as the light source. Reflection scans made with this instrument show agreement over three orders of magnitude with data obtained at the Advanced Light Source.
We developed an extreme ultraviolet polarimeter, which employs laser-generated high-order harmonics as the light source. Reflection scans made with this instrument show agreement over three orders of magnitude with data obtained at the Advanced Light Source.
The increasing power of mobile devices means that companies and institutions can now look to exposing their systems to these devices. As part of a research project, we need to re-engineer a system to expose it 'as a service' in order to enable access by multiple devices. The aim of this study was to identify approaches to the re-engineering of systems to provide multichannel service-oriented access...
We developed an extreme ultraviolet polarimeter, which employs laser-generated high-order harmonics as the light source. Reflection scans made with this instrument show agreement over three orders of magnitude with data obtained at the advanced light source.
There is little empirical knowledge of the effectiveness of the object-oriented paradigm. To conduct a systematic review of the literature describing empirical studies of this paradigm. We undertook a Mapping Study of the literature. 138 papers have been identified and classified by topic, form of study involved, and source. The majority of empirical studies of OO concentrate on metrics, relatively...
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