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Aromatic hydrocarbons are commonly found in fossil-derived transportation fuels, and their combustion in engines produce most of the observed soot particles. Toluene is an important component of gasoline (about 6wt%), diesel (1–2wt%), and jet fuels (1–2wt%), and forms a part of their surrogates. This paper reports the nanostructures and chemical constituents of soot, formed in toluene diffusion flames...
The substituted and unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, present in transportation fuels such as gasoline and diesel, are thought to be responsible for most of the soot particles produced during their combustion. However, the effects of the substituted alkyl groups on the aromatic hydrocarbons on their sooting tendencies, and on the physical and chemical properties of soot produced from them are not...
The selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene to 1-butene with toluene as a co solvent is studied experimentally over a NiPdCe/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst. To reduce mass transfer limitations, an egg-shell catalyst is used in a fixed-bed reactor for liquid-phase hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene at 40°C and two pressure levels, 90 and 210psig. Experimental results indicate that 1,3-butadiene conversion...
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