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In this review, we report on the study of terahertz (THz) intersubband (ISB) transitions and on the optical devices based on them. We use time-resolved THz spectroscopy to examine ISB optical transitions in semiconductor quantum wells and quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). From these measurements, we obtain important information on the carrier relaxation, scattering mechanisms, and the gain. The waveguide...
The waveguide losses and the laser gain of a THz quantum cascade laser as a function of temperature and driving current are determined in this study by coupling broadband THz pulses into the laser's waveguide. Measurements are performed based on the bound-to-continuum design. Results show that at high temperatures the lasing operation in not only hampered by phonon/electron scattering but also by...
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