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In this paper, protection of modular multilevel converter with half-bridge cells against overcurrent faults, which cannot be cleared by the converter, is investigated. Converter design with cell redundancy and a coupled branch reactor is considered. Special consideration is given to a separation of protection and permanent bypass functionality. Critical overcurrent protection design aspects are shown...
In this paper, the reliability of medium voltage multilevel converters based on cascaded cells is investigated. Limits of reliability prediction and redundancy application are shown. Opportunities to leverage converter predicted reliability with redundancy are analyzed. Special attention is given to the impact of the bypass device on converter reliability. The analysis shows significant influence...
Transformerless rail interties are of high interest for the interconnection of the European 15kV/16.7Hz rail supply with the 50Hz industrial grid due to the direct connection to the rail supply without a 16.7Hz transformer. The MMLC is an emerging topology which offers high blocking voltages, high modularity and very high power quality. Two transformerless interties are presented and compared which...
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