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Influenza is a major respiratory pathogen and vaccination is the main method of prophylaxis. In 2012, the trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3) was licensed in Europe for use in children. Vaccine-induced antibodies directed against the main viral surface glycoprotein, haemagglutinin (HA), play an important role in virus neutralization through different mechanism. The objective of this...
Influenza viruses are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality during seasonal epidemics. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent infection, however due to antigenic drift of the viral surface protein hemagglutinin (HA), annual influenza virus vaccination is required. In addition to seasonal viruses, certain (avian) influenza A viruses of other subtypes, like H5N1 or H7N9, cause...
Influenza A viruses infect many species and cross-species transmission occurs occasionally. An equine H3N8 influenza virus began circulating in dogs in 1999 and an avian H3N2 influenza virus began circulating in dogs in 2006. The canine H3N8 (cH3N8) viral strain has become endemic in parts of the United States and there is a commercially available vaccine against this strain. The canine H3N2 (cH3N2)...
Current influenza virus vaccines provide solid protection from infection with viruses that are well matched with the vaccine strains. However, they do not protect efficiently against drifted or shifted strains. We developed an antigen based on the conserved stalk domain of the influenza virus hemagglutinin and tested its efficacy as a vaccine in a mouse virus challenge model. Although the antigen...
Three human cases of H10N8 viruses were reported in China in late 2013 and early 2014, two of which were fatal. This was the first time the H10N8 subtype has been detected in humans and no vaccine candidates or antibody therapy has been developed for these viruses so far. We developed an H10N8 vaccine candidate virus based on A/Jiangxi-Donghu/346/13 that can also be used in a murine challenge model...
Human infections with a novel influenza A H7N9 subtype virus were reported in China recently. The virus caused severe disease with high mortality rates and it raised concerns over its pandemic potential. Here, we assessed in the mouse model protective efficacy of single immunisations with low vaccine doses of insect cell-derived H7 virus-like particles, consisting of hemagglutinin and matrix protein...
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