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In almost all the studies, the differential receiver calibration and the link calibration had been discussed separately as if the two calibrations were completely independent. In fact, in the sense of the total delay for UTC time transfer, the difference between the receiver and link calibrations is not how to perform the calibration measurement but how to use the measurement data. The two calibration...
NTSC (National Time Service Center) is responsible for Chinese national time scale generation and has being applied TWSTFT (two-way satellite time and frequency transfer, TW for short) for time transfer since 1998. NTSC was one of the first UTC laboratories practicing TWSTFT in China. From 2002 to 2004, TWSTFT was the major technique for NTSC contributing to UTC. Since 2007, direct NTSC-European TWSTFT...
TWSTF (TW) is a precise time transfer technique and has being used to generate the TAI since 1999. From the beginning with only 3 measured points per week over a few baselines to now 12–24 points per day and measured as a worldwide network, the TW observable becomes highly redundant. However single baseline is still the only geometry in TAI time transfer practice. As shown in Fig. I-1, among the 35...
The network of time links for the computation of TAI has always be chosen such as to allow a unique solution, i.e. not using any redundancy. In the present situation, many links can be computed with two or more techniques (mostly TW and GPS) and the TW network itself is highly redundant. In addition, the covariance matrix for the measurements from these two may now be determined with adequate uncertainty,...
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