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Genetic resistance to broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) in sunflower is mainly monogenic and dominant. Massive use of vertical resistance has led to the progressive extension of increasingly virulent races of the parasite. Additional introduction of horizontal resistance genes is crucial to develop more durable resistance. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of resistance...
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds contain a high proportion of tocopherols (>90 %) in the α-tocopherol form. A mutant with a high concentration of γ-tocopherol (>85 %) was identified in germplasm of wild safflower (Carthamus oxyacanthus M. Bieb.) that showed strong introgression of C. tinctorius, which allowed selection of individuals of both species with high concentrations of either...
Broomrapes are weedy root parasitic plants that severely constraint faba bean production. After long and extensive breeding efforts made in several countries only moderately resistant cultivars are available to farmers, being their resistance based on a combination of avoidance and resistance mechanisms. In this work we characterize the resistance mechanism of two faba bean breeding lines selected...
Field, pots and mini-rhizotrons experiments revealed the existence of useful levels of avoidance and resistance to Orobanche crenata Forsk. within Lathyrus cicera L. accessions, in addition to escape due to precocity or to reduced root biomass. This resistance was characterized by several phenotypic mechanisms of defence which acted alone or in combination, including low stimulation of parasitic seed...
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil with high oleic acid content (>75%) has a great value for both food and non-food uses. The trait has been reported to be environmentally stable and controlled by recessive alleles at one single gene Ol, even though the influence of modifying genes has been suggested. Additionally, germplasm with higher oleic acid content (>85%) has been reported. The objective...
Lathyrus cicera has a high potential as fodder crop in dry areas, but can in particular environments be damaged by rust. Little is known on the availability of resistance against rust fungi and the underlying mechanisms in L. cicera germplasm. The present study assessed and characterised macro and microscopically the resistance to rust fungi Uromyces pisi and U. viciae-fabae, in a collection of L. cicera...
The presence of high levels of sinigrin in the seeds represents a serious constraint for the commercial utilisation of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) meal. The objective of this research was the introgression of genes for low glucosinolate content from B. juncea into B. carinata. BC1F1 seed from crosses between double zero B. juncea line Heera and B. carinata line N2-142 was produced...
A pubescent mutant of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun), N2-9531, was developed from the glabrous line C-101. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of trichome density in this mutant. Plants of N2-9531 and C-101 were reciprocally crossed and F1, F2, and BC1F1 generations were analysed for trichome density. The average trichome density differed in the reciprocal F...
Reactions of 12 differential cultivars to 60 isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum confirmed the presence of the gamma race in Asturias (North of Spain). In addition, one new race was identified as delta-mutant. The new binary nomenclature system identify the gamma race as race 38 and the delta-mutant race as race 7. A total of 40 germplasm lines which included 32 CIAT bean accessions and 8local...
A total of six Ethiopian mustard ( Brassica carinata A. Braun) lines showing reduced levels of total glucosinolate content were developed through two different approaches. In the first case, eight lines with good agronomic performance under southern-Spanish conditions were first evaluated during two years for glucosinolate content, and a pedigree selection was then performed during three further generations...
A new sunflower mutant, CAS-12, was obtained, which has both high palmitic (≈30%) and high oleic acid contents, and also a substantial amount of palmitoleic acid (≈7%). The mutant was selected after X-ray irradiation of dry seeds of the inbred line BSD-2-423, which had normal palmitic (≈3%) and high oleic (≈88%) acid levels. The increase of palmitic and palmitoleic acids occurred at the expense of...
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