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Electric vehicles are the most promising sustainable transport technology for solving the environmental, economic and social problems associated to the internal combustion engine vehicles. The research and development of new charging methods is necessary for a further integration of electric vehicles in transport sector. Inductive power transfer is the most promising technology for dynamic wireless...
This paper evaluates a hybrid powertrain based on fuel cell (FC), battery, and supercapacitor (SC) for the “Urbos 3” tramway, which currently operates powered by SC in the city of Zaragoza, Spain. Due to the dynamic limitations of the main energy source, a proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) FC, other energy secondary sources (ESSs), battery and SC, are needed to supply the vehicle power demand. Moreover,...
In this work, an original controller for an emergency braking system for urban traffic based on ultrasonic sensors is presented, which is optimized by means of a Genetic Algorithm. The main advantage over similar controllers available in the market today, is that in order to maintain a safe distance to the preceding vehicle, it is not necessary to know the speed of either the controlled vehicle or...
Detection of drowsiness while driving is a leading objective in advanced driver assistance systems. This work presents a new index to assess the alertness state of drivers based on the respiratory dynamics derived from an inductive band. More than 100 hours of driving in real environments from 13 healthy subjects were analyzed. The proposed method has a sensitivity of 93.7% and specificity of 86.3%...
This paper compares two control strategies of a fuel cell (FC)-battery powered hybrid system integrating two dc/dc converters for the Metro-Centro tramway (400 kW) from Seville, Spain. Besides, modeling of each component is briefly presented. These models have been implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) FC is used in this work. The FC model characteristics...
The present article studies the influence of a car heatable windshield by means of an equivalent material that allows an appropriate meshing of the vehicle. This study has been performed analyzing the propagation of an electromagnetic radiated transient pulse generated by a wire inside a car with and without the windshield. The Finite Differences Time Domain (FDTD) is the method used to obtain the...
The work consists in the preliminary development of a fuzzy system capable of taking decisions to avoid collisions or to minimize his damages, dues to lack of attention of the driver so increasing the active safety of vehicles fitted with it. The system is based on the use of some simple and economical ultrasound transducers as sensor elements for helping cars driving in urban traffic. The simulations...
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