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The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its association with congenital malformations has prompted the rapid development of vaccines. Although efficacy with multiple viral vaccine platforms has been established in animals, no study has addressed protection during pregnancy. We tested in mice two vaccine platforms, a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated modified mRNA vaccine encoding ZIKV prM and E genes...
The Asian lineage of Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently caused epidemics and severe disease. Unraveling the mechanisms causing increased viral transmissibility and disease severity requires experimental systems. We report an infectious cDNA clone of ZIKV that was generated using a clinical isolate of the Asian lineage. The cDNA clone-derived RNA is infectious in cells, generating recombinant ZIKV. The...
West Nile virus (WNV) infections in vertebrates are generally acute but persistent infections have been observed. To investigate the ability of WNV to produce persistent infections, we forced subgenomic WNV replicons to replicate within a cell without causing cell death. Detailed analyses of these cell-adapted genomes revealed mutations within the nonstructural protein genes NS2A (D73H, M108K), NS3...
Flaviviruses are emerging threats to public health worldwide. Recently, one flavivirus, West Nile virus (WNV), has caused the largest epidemic of viral encephalitis in US history. Like other flaviviruses, WNV is thought to cause a persistent infection in insect cells, but an acute cytopathic infection of mammalian cells. To study adaptation of WNV to persistently replicate in cell culture and generate...
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