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A membrane-enhanced solar heat pipe loop is presented. The device enables heat transfer between an elevated and low-lying area using a membrane-enabled mechanism. A working solution is vaporized in solar collectors, producing vapor which carries thermal energy to a heat exchanger. Condensed fluid moves through a forward osmosis process back into the solution. Forward osmotic pressure enables potentially...
We report a novel Ge waveguide photodetector and the fabrication on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Localized stressor structures were incorporated to tune the responsivity roll-off wavelength. With the localized stressor structure, the roll-off in responsivity is found to be red-shifted from 1520 nm to beyond 1620 nm, i.e., a flat responsivity over the entire C- and L-band is obtained. This...
In 2D and quasi-3D simulations, Fermi-level pinning of the surfaces has been found to result in the decoupling of the electron and hole populations, preventing numerical convergence to the correct solution. In this work, we report on the elimination of numerical underflow in the self-consistent solution of the Poisson and continuity equations in a 2D optoelectronic device simulator. The use of extended...
We investigate superconducting chip structures for trapping and manipulating atoms. These structures are based on the average magnetic field of vortices induced in a type-II superconducting thin film. This magnetic field is the critical ingredient of the demonstrated vortex-based atom trap, which operate without transport current. We employ the hysteretic behavior of a superconducting thin film in...
We propose a novel composite negative group delay circuit to reduce the signal attenuation required to obtain negative group delay. It is already known that negative group delay can be obtained as a consequence of signal attenuation. For the same negative group delay of −6 ns, the signal attenuation of the conventional circuit is 31.25 dB, while the proposed composite circuit involves signal attenuation...
Computer crime is a problem that continues to increase across the world. In this paper, we use a recent case of computer fraud by a rogue trader in Societe Generale, a French bank, to examine how the fraud was committed. We then discuss how to improve the risk control systems. Even with an improved risk control systems and strengthening of computer security systems, computer fraud cannot be prevented...
The NERC Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Cyber Security Standards CIP-002 - CIP-009 is a set of mandatory cyber security standards developed by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission applicable to users, owners and operators of the Bulk Power System (BPS), under Section 215 of the Federal Power Act.
We report a novel evanescent-coupled germanium electro-absorption modulator with a small active area of 16 μm2 giving an extinction ratio of ~dB for a wavelength range of 1580-1610 nm. In addition, monolithic integration of both evanescent-coupled Ge electro-absorption modulator and Ge p-i-n photodetector is demonstrated for the first time.
There has been a growing interest in exploiting contextual information in addition to local features to detect and localize multiple object categories in an image. Context models can efficiently rule out some unlikely combinations or locations of objects and guide detectors to produce a semantically coherent interpretation of a scene. However, the performance benefit from using context models has...
In this work, we have developed a Ge electro-efficient (EA) modulator whereby light is coupled evanescently from a crystalline silicon waveguide up into a Ge rib. A lateral electric field is employed in the Ge rib to enhance absorption via the Frank-Kedlysh effect which enables light modulation. The EA effect is most pronouced at wavelengths beyond 1580 nm due to a roll-off in absorption coefficient...
Ultrafast IR pump-probe spectroscopy is used to investigate La1/4Pr3/8Ca3/8MnO3 (LPCMO). Two types of coherent phonons strongly coupled with charge-ordering (CO) phase are observed. Temperature dependences of coherent phonons are explained by a hypothesis related with CO gap opening. According to the hypothesis, photo-induced electrons relax to acoustic phonon in the paramagnetic phase, but to optical...
We observe coherent phonons of 3.6 THz and 47 GHz oscillation frequencies of multiferroic LuMnO3 using femtosecond IR spectroscopy. Both coherent phonons disappear below TN as antiferromagnetically aligned spins strongly coupled with lattice vibration. This disappearance of phonons is related with the dynamic spin-phonon coupling and the giant magneto-elastic coupling near TN.
In this paper, we introduce a new approach for modeling visual context. For this purpose, we consider the leaves of a hierarchical segmentation tree as elementary units. Each leaf is described by features of its ancestral set, the regions on the path linking the leaf to the root. We construct region trees by using a high-performance segmentation method. We then learn the importance of different descriptors...
High end computing and networking applications continue to drive silicon technologies for higher performance, increased bandwidth and frequency. The drive for higher performance has resulted in increased power dissipation. A method for mitigating power dissipation includes reducing the voltage but unfortunately the consequence is reduced noise margin. This paper evaluates the electrical performance...
Embedded Passive device (EPD) technology is increasingly drawing attention because of its potentials in addressing system cost reduction by offering smaller size form factor with high level of integration in RF packaging. In a typical RF system block, many passive elements, capacitors in particular, are required for filtering and impedance matching therefore wide efforts has been given to integrate...
In recent years, social networking sites (SNSs) have increasingly gained popularity. With the existence of hundreds of such sites, it is not uncommon to have users switching between them. Thus retaining existing users and attracting new users is crucial to the success of an SNS. This paper frames the described phenomenon as a "cyber migration". We enlist and adapt the push-pull-mooring framework...
This paper investigates the potential role of negotiation support systems (NSS) in supporting multiparty negotiations. Multiparty negotiation is much more complex than dyadic negotiation and warrants separate investigation. Coalition is widely acknowledged as a central aspect of this complexity. It is noted that coalition research and negotiation research are but distinct streams. Generally speaking,...
Past literatures on e-learning system and courseware have focused on the system features and on the technologies employed. To integrate IT well with pedagogical principles, it is important to involve instructors in the courseware development. This study seeks to gain insight on courseware development by investigating instructor's different roles in each courseware development phase. Using an educational...
To overcome the scalability issue, network-on-chip (NoC) communication architectures have been used in today's system-on-chip. At the same time, more and more applications place increasingly stringent demands on the quality of service for the on-chip communication. Thus it is important to provide guaranteed services to these NoC architectures. We propose a novel solution that maintains the area efficiency...
With the cost of active prostheses continuing to rise, war amputees, specifically in developing war-torn countries are unable to partake in the advancement of intelligent limbs. Many of the commercial prosthetic knee joints available are either wholly passive or provide only partial active feedback and control. The purpose of the proposed Active Prosthetic Knee (APK) design is to investigate a new...
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