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On the issue of the special structure of multiplevalued trigger with multiple-rail-output, a synchronous edge-triggered improved ternary JK flip-flop with three-rail output structure is presented based on the negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristic and the literal operation as well as the module operation. The ternary NDR JK flip-flop could set the logic values of the output to realize...
This paper contrasts the very different spreading resistance and current crowding behaviors between horizontal and vertical thin film contact. Both Cartesian and circular contacts are analyzed. Accurate analytical scaling laws have been obtained for arbitrary aspect ratios and resistivity ratios, and validated against known limits, numerical simulations and experiments.
Thin film contacts are becoming increasingly important in the miniaturization of electronic devices. This paper considers the spreading resistance of a microscopic contact of size a ("a- spot") on a thin film. The effect of the film thickness h on the spreading resistance is evaluated over a large range of the aspect ratio a/h, for both Cartesian and cylindrical geometries. In the limit...
Contact problems account for 40 percent of all electrical/electronic failures, ranging from small scale consumer electronic devices to large scale military and aerospace systems. This paper summarizes recent development on the theory of bulk contact and thin-film contacts, whose contact members may possess vastly different electrical resistivities. Current crowding at the rim of an electrode, scaling...
Contact resistance is important to integrated circuits and thin film devices, carbon nanotube based cathodes and interconnects, field emitters, wire-array z-pinches, metal-insulator-vacuum junctions, and high power microwave sources, etc. In other applications, the electrical contacts are formed by thin film structures of a few microns thickness, such as in micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) relays...
Summary form only given. Electrical contact is important to thin film devices and integrated circuits, carbon nanotubes based cathodes and interconnects, field emitters, wire-array Z pinches, metal insulator-vacuum junctions, and high power microwave sources, etc. Because of the surface roughness on a microscopic scale, true contact between two pieces of conductors occurs only at the asperities of...
This paper discusses recent advances on the electrical contact resistance. The basic theory of the contact resistance is vastly extended to higher dimensions, including dissimilar materials in the main current channels and in the connecting bridge joining them. Recent experiments and simulations were also performed to validate our theory.
For ungrounded and resonant grounded systems, it is very difficult to identify the line experiencing a single-phase to ground fault. This is due to the fact that such grounding schemes produce very small fault current. This paper presents a novel method that can overcome the difficulties. The idea is to convert the ungrounded system into a grounded system temporarily through a controlled short circuit...
In order to analyze the performance of lunar rover, draw bar pull and motion resistance are analyzed in this paper based on terramechanics. The relationships between configuration parameters (like wheel width, wheel bases et al.) and mobility performance parameters are obtained from the analysis. Meanwhile, the sensitive factors of the motion resistance are found. Then main performance evaluation...
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