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Food–drug interaction is an emerging phenomenon, comprising pharmacokinetic or toxicokinetic interactions between food constituents and drugs. The mechanisms include inhibition of enzymes and transporters, and induction of drug metabolizing enzymes. A prominent regulator of drug-metabolizing enzymes is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) that transcriptionally regulates CYP1 enzymes, phase II enzymes...
A variety of xenobiotics are taken in the diet and they can interfere with regulatory pathways of drug metabolizing enzymes in humans. This can result in food–drug interactions, which is undesirable clinical situation where drug pharmacokinetics are influenced by dietary compounds. Xenobiotics-mediated food–drug interactions include the induction of drug metabolizing cytochromes P450. The expression...
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