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Aphelids are a poorly known group of parasitoids of algae that have raised considerable interest due to their pivotal phylogenetic position. Together with Cryptomycota and the highly derived Microsporidia, they have been recently re-classified as Opisthosporidia, being the sister group to fungi. Despite their huge diversity, as revealed by molecular environmental studies, and their phylogenetic interest,...
Environmental 18S rRNA gene surveys of microbial eukaryotes have recently revealed the diversity of major parasitic agents in pelagic freshwater systems, consisting primarily of chytrid fungi. To date, only a few studies have reported the presence of chydrids in the marine environment and a limited number of marine chytrids have been properly identified and characterized. Here, we report the isolation...
We describe two novel flagellates isolated from soil, Regin rotiferus and Otto terricolus, genera et species novae, which we cultivated and characterized by light and transmission electron microscopy and by 18S rDNA sequence analysis. Both strains exhibit the key characteristic structural feature of Bicosoecida; i.e. the L-shaped cytostomal root system with an x-fiber, used for feeding. Otto terricolus...
The diversity and ecological roles of protists in marine plankton are still poorly known. In 2011, we made a substantial effort to isolate parasites into cultures during the course of blooms of the toxic microalga Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) in two estuaries (the Penzé and the Rance, Brittany coast, north-west of France). In total, 99 parasitic strains were obtained. Screening of ribosomal internal...
Reconstructing the early evolution of fungi and metazoans, two of the kingdoms of multicellular eukaryotes thriving on earth, is a challenging task for biologists. Among extant organisms having characters intermediate between fungi and hypothetical protistan ancestors, from which both fungi and metazoans are believed to have evolved, aphelids are unfairly neglected. The phylogenetic position of these...
During sexual reproduction, araphid pennate diatoms of the genus Tabularia (Kützing) D. M. Williams and Round released male gametes directly into the medium, sometimes at a considerable distance from the female gametes. This raised the question of how male gametes, suspended in water, manage to reach female ones, given that no locomotive organelles have been described in gametes of pennate diatoms...
Serial section reconstruction shows that kinetid ultrastructure in two genetically divergent Paracercomonas (P. virgaria, P. metabolica) is basically similar, differing somewhat from clade A cercomonads. Paracercomonas (Paracercomonadidae fam. n.) have a posterior root (dp1) attached to the posterior centriole, unlike Cercomonadidae (here revised to include only Eocercomonas, Cercomonas, Filomonas...
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