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In ultra-dense small cell networks, spatial multiplexing gain is a challenge because of the different propagation conditions. The channels associated with different transmit–receive pairs can be highly correlated due to the: 1) high probability of line-of-sight (LOS) communication between user equipment (UE) and base station (BS) and 2) insufficient spacing between antenna elements at both UE and...
Spatial multiplexing (SM) gains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) cellular networks are limited when used in combination with ultra-dense small cell networks. This limitation is due to large spatial correlation among channel pairs. More specifically, it is due to i) line-of-sight (LOS) communication between user equipment (UE) and base station (BS) and ii) insufficient spacing between antenna...
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