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Agricultural land is the basis and guarantee for the survival and development of human. How to take scientific and effective use of agricultural land is an urgent problem to be solved. The suitability assessment can provide a good answer to this question. In order to realize the scientific, reasonable and efficient use of agricultural land under the lack of information condition, we carry out research...
In this paper, finite-element models were developed to calculate the elastic fields within both solder and Cu-pillar bumps under the influences of thermal stresses and Joule heating. First, a steady-state equation of the electric potential is solved to determine the electric field and thus, the effect of Joule heating. Then, the temperature field is obtained by solving a steady-state equation of thermal...
In this paper, a novel hybrid model rotor flux observer based on the second order butterworth high-pass filter is proposed. Firstly, for the traditional current model flux observer, two improvements are made to eliminate the cross coupling items. Then, by introducing a PI feedback correction link, it can adjust the coupling of traditional voltage model and current model, so the current model plays...
This article presents a compact piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (VEH) using multiple nonlinear techniques. Spring-plate and a manually tunable stopper-plate was used to tune the resonance frequency and broaden the bandwidth of VEH. Experimentally, the VEH can be operated in three kinds of work modes according to the gap distance between the spring-plate and the stopper-plate. The simulation...
When two trains travel along the same track in the same direction it is a common safety requirement that they should always be separated by at least one signal. If the signals are located at fixed positions dividing the track into different sections then the two trains cannot occupy the same section of track at the same time. It is desirable to find driving strategies that minimize the total energy...
This paper studies the electric breakdown problem of a semi-permeable crack in piezoelectric material under combined mechanical and electric loads. According to Stroh formalism, the differences of the electric potential and the displacement of the crack are first derived and the quadratic equation containing the electric displacement inside the crack is obtained. Meanwhile, the electric field is also...
Void growth and coalescence usually cause reliability concerns to solder joints in integrated circuits. In this paper, a diffuse interface model is developed to simulate the coalescence of micro-voids under the influence of elastic stresses and electromigration. A variable c stands for the composition of vacancies, with c=1.0 indicating the void phase and c=1.0×104 indicating the bulk phase. A double...
Void growth and coalescence usually cause reliability concerns to solder joints in integrated circuits. In this paper, a diffuse interface model is developed to simulate the coalescence of micro-voids under the influence of elastic stresses and electromigration. A variable c stands for the composition of vacancies, with c=1.0 indicating the void phase and c=1.0×104 indicating the bulk phase. A double...
Intermediate phase growth with electromigration present is important to the performance of solder joints in integrated circuits. Rather than treating the total effective charge number Zt of electromigration as constant, in this paper Zt is treated as a field-dependent function whose contributions arising from both the crystal impurities and imperfections within the bulk and the compositional and phase-field...
The shock test and numerical analysis of the support-model including model design, layout of the sensor is presented in this paper. The governing equations of a thin cylindrical shell within the framework of the Flugge thin shell theory and the related Hamilton variation method have been derived. Set up a linear finite element model consistent with experiment model to calculate the dynamics response...
This work studies the electrical and testing reliability issues of CuxO based RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory). Firstly, we study the most important electrical reliability issue-data retention capability, and propose a filament/charge trap combined model to clarify the retention failure mechanism. Secondly, we respectively study the reliability problems caused by the SET compliance current in...
During the process of die less drawing, the relationship between shape of metamorphic zone and technical parameter is very complicate. It is difficult to determine the mathematical model of die less drawing shaping zone because the technical parameters is very coupling. After analyzed the data of experiment zone deeply, the article realized predictive functional control algorithm based on the characteristic...
Object tracking using vision technology is one of the key but complex functions in navigation system of Intelligent Vehicles; it became more difficult in case of there are partial occlusions and significant clutter. A mean shift embedded approach is presents for vehicle tracking under real road scenes. The HSI model and orientation histogram are used to represent the object feature; the mean shift...
In this article an alarm information automatic classification system has been designed according to the situation that almost all alarm information in integrated emergency response system have been classified manually. The automatic classification system could make correct and rapid classification of the unstructured alarm information, and because it is unnecessary to do manual intervention in this...
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