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As an effective waste heat recovery technique, the hydrocarbon-CO 2 mixture based Rankine cycle is always operating on a specific temperature, which has a noticeable influence on flammability limits. Thus it is critical to research flammability limit of hydrocarbon-CO 2 at various initial temperatures. Focusing on the hydrocarbon-CO 2 mixture, this paper first measured its flammability limits at...
Thermoelectric generators have gained extensive attention for the waste heat recovery of internal combustion engines. This work develops a three-dimensional numerical model of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) system used for the engine waste heat recovery. Using presented model, the heat exchanger with thinner wall thickness and moderate inlet dimensions is considered in this study to reduce the negative...
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a suitable way to recover the waste heat of internal combustion engines. Since the engine usually operates under different working conditions, the waste heat recovery system is also under unstable state. Consequently, it is quite meaningful to research the dynamic behavior of the ORC. The dynamic math model of the ORC for waste heat recovery of a natural gas engine is...
The environment issue combined with the rising of crude oil price has attracted more attention in waste heat recovery of diesel engine. The Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) offers a good solution to utilize multi-grade waste heats of diesel engine. Conventional multi-source ORC systems are too complex for vehicle application. This paper proposed a two-stage expansion with interheating organic Rankine cycle...
CO2 has been proposed recently as working fluid for power generation from low grade heat sources due to its good thermodynamic properties and natural feature. CO2 transcritical power cycle (CTPC) is suitable for engine waste heat recovery since it has the advantage of miniaturization and better temperature matching. In this research, a constructed test bench of CTPC using an expansion valve was dynamically...
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is regarded as a very suitable method to recover the waste heat of internal combustion engines. Engines often operate under variable working conditions, so ORC systems are also under unstable state which means it is important to research the dynamic response. There are many kinds of working fluids and various dynamic response characters are reflected owing to their different...
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) on-board is a solution for vehicles to save energy and reduce emission. Considering the characteristics of waste heat from vehicle, the criterions of the suitable working fluid are very strict. R123 and R245fa have been widely used in companies and labs, however, the difference of their properties under different engine conditions still requires further study. During this...
With urging needs to decrease the fuel consumption and environment pollution, energy saving and emission reduction technologies in the ICE (internal combustion engine) industry are developed. A thermal OS/ORC (Oil Storage/Organic Rankine Cycle) system was constructed and preliminarily tested for WHR (Waste Heat Recovery) from exhaust gas of a 240 kW diesel engine. The heat balance test of diesel engine...
This paper proposes a segmented thermoelectric generator (TEG) that can be used to recover exhaust waste heat from a diesel engine (DE). A mathematic model of the segmented TEG was constructed based on the low-temperature thermoelectric material bismuth telluride and the medium-temperature thermoelectric material skutterudite. Performance was compared between segmented and traditional TEGs, and the...
Models of two-stage serial and parallel thermoelectric generators have been established in this paper. Low-temperature thermoelectric material bismuth telluride and medium-temperature skutterudite are employed in the models and the exhaust gas of internal combustion engine is used as heat source. The properties of the thermoelectric materials are found to be temperature dependent. The performances...
For high temperature ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) used in engine waste heat recovery, it's very critical to select a high temperature working fluid. HCs (Hydrocarbons) usually have excellent cycle performance, but the flammability limits their practical application. Considering that some retardants can be used to suppress flammability, the paper presents an application of mixtures based on hydrocarbons...
As a natural refrigerant, carbon dioxide is safe, economic and environmentally sustainable which can be used in heat pump and refrigeration systems especially in transcritical cycles. From the early 1990s, in which the carbon dioxide transcritical cycle began, theoretical and experimental researches, as well as commercial system development, has improved to make the transcritical system performance...
An Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system used in the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) exhaust heat recovery was proposed and techno-economically analyzed based on various working fluids. It is significant to recover ICE exhaust heat (about one third of energy generated from the fuel) by ORC system. In this paper, the suitable working fluids have been screened and recommended for the ORC system, among...
The paper analyzes the combined TEG-ORC (thermoelectric generator and organic rankine cycle) used in exhaust heat recovery of ICE (internal combustion engine) theoretically. A theoretical model is proposed to calculate the optimal parameters of the bottoming cycle based on thermodynamic theory when net output power and volumetric expansion ratio are selected as objective functions, which affect system...
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