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Surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was achieved by a thermal treatment in the presence of pre-adsorbed potassium hydroxide and steam at 350–550 °C. The generated oxygen-containing functional groups were more basic and thermally stable compared with conventional acid-generated groups. The influence of the KOH-steam co-treatment conditions on the functionalization of CNTs was systematically...
We introduced a pore-expansion strategy to transform metal-organic framework (MOF) into foam-like carbons with high surface area and hierarchical pores. A typical kind of MOF was chosen as the starting material. The catalytic carbon, which displayed a remarkably enlarged surface area and high pore volume, was prepared by a solvent-assistant-linker-exchange method and a following pore-expansion carbonization...
Epoxy networks, as common protection materials, possess some adverse degradation effects in the gamma irradiation environment, which greatly limit their potential applications for metal protection in nuclear industry. To avoid this, we attempted to incorporate the graphene oxide (GO) with significant radical scavenger behavior into the epoxy resin, followed by thermal polymerization to obtain the...
The initial growth kinetics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was investigated using a highly active Co-based mixed-oxide catalyst in a tubular fixed-bed reactor under plug-flow conditions with ethene as carbon source. The growth temperature and the ethene concentration were systematically varied in the range from 758 to 923K and from 5 to 45vol.%, respectively. The carbon mass accumulation...
A hierarchical carbon-fiber composite was synthesized based on carbon cloth (CC) modified with primary carbon microfibers (CMF) and subsequently secondary carbon nanotubes (CNT), thus forming a three-dimensional hierarchical structure with high BET surface area. The primary CMFs and the secondary CNTs are grown with electrodeposited iron nanoparticles as catalysts from methane and ethylene, respectively...
An industrially applicable cobalt-based catalyst was optimized for the production of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from ethene in a hot-wall reactor. A series of highly active Co–Mn–Al–Mg spinel-type oxides with systematically varied Co:Mn ratios was synthesized by precipitation and calcined at different temperatures. The addition of Mn drastically enhanced the catalytic activity of the Co nanoparticles...
Surface defects were created on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by catalytic steam gasification or catalytic etching with iron as catalysts. The structure and morphology of the etched CNTs were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The electronic structure of the etched CNTs was investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). The etched CNTs...
A simple, highly effective method for the functionalization of CNTs with HNO 3 vapor is developed, thus eliminating separation by filtration. A significantly higher amount of oxygen species compared to conventional wet HNO 3 treatment was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the morphology and the degree of agglomeration did not deteriorate because of the treatment.
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