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Li-ion batteries have been commercially used for many years in small portable devices and electrical vehicles. Here, a five-state nonhomogeneous Markov chain model is introduced, which can assist to saving time and costs incurred by large amounts of cycling life tests with various cell formulations in battery design stage. The model is designed to have five states that belong to three phases: storage...
The fast growing Revenue Passenger Kilometers and the relatively lagged energy supply of aviation industry impels the airlines to improve energy efficiency. In this paper, we focus on evaluating and analyzing influencing factors for airline energy efficiency. Number of employees and aviation kerosene are chosen as the inputs. Revenue Ton Kilometers, Revenue Passenger Kilometers and total business...
Existing methods for predicting lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery residual lifetime mostly depend on a priori knowledge on aging mechanism, the use of chemical or physical formulation and analytical battery models. This dependence is usually difficult to determine in practice, which restricts the application of these methods. In this study, we propose a new prediction method for Li-ion battery residual...
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