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This paper presents a novel design of Modified Sierpinski Gasket Fractal Antenna (MSGFA). Sierpinski Gasket is known by name of Sierpinski Triangle having triangular slots using mid-point geometry of triangle. Sierpinski Gasket Geometry is modified using circular shape. It is fabricated on a low cost FR-4 epoxy substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and having dimensions 17.89 × 21.45 × 1.6 mm3...
Wireless Sensor Network is a group of distributed sensor nodes that has many applications those can vary from simple such as sensing temperature, pressure, humidity from the environment to critical applications that includes traffic monitoring, target tracking, patient monitoring etc. These critical applications are real time applications those can be possible with the Mobile Wireless Sensor Network...
Nowadays, with the quick rise in the use of WLAN empowered devices and the more far reaching utilization of WLAN, it is progressively essential to have a more proficient introductory connection setup system. There is an interest for a quicker get to authentication system faster than IEEE 802.11i as 802.11i uses 13 messages for authentication process while FLAP use only two messages for the same. So...
Arsenic (As), is a worldwide societal & environmental threat and therefore requires continuous monitoring in the natural water resources. Although, many opto/electrochemical techniques based on, macro, micro and nanostructures have been developed for the detection of As3+ ions, with advantages of high selectivity, sensitivity, and fast response. Yet, most of them are commercially unavailable,...
Plagiarism — using someone else's ideas, writings or results, and presenting them as one's own without giving proper credit to the actual author. In today's competitive world plagiarism is spreading at a tenacious rate. Scientific writing requires good expertise for it demands both features: vividness and terseness, which are generally hard to accomplish together. Any scientific work should be characterized...
Plagiarism refers to the stealing of intellectual property-ideas, words, thoughts, conclusions, without giving proper credit to the author Young students and novice researchers lack the skills to identify and avoid plagiarism and thus end up in committing it. Anything available through the digital world and Internet is considered to be free of any legal or intellectual property issues by some writers...
Energy efficiency, fault tolerance, scalability, connectivity and reliability are major challenges in wireless sensor networks. Many clustering algorithm are proposed to handle these challenges. Heterogeneous schemes are similar to real situations. Many routing protocols have been proposed for clustering scheme based on heterogeneity. In this paper, an Energy Efficient Two Level Distributed Clustering...
In this paper, we have proposed hybrid approach based upon working of Enhanced SEP protocol and modified it using the fitness parameter of Artificial Bee Colony algorithm, for efficient election of cluster head and optimised cluster formation. Fitness function helps in reduced energy consumption of sensor nodes, required for communication and cluster formation, thereby increasing the overall lifetime...
The chaining based PEGASIS routing protocol, the leader gather data from nodes, aggregate it and further send it to the base station. In such a way, the sensor nodes can abate communication overheads that may be generated if each sensor node sends data to the base station independently. Sensible leader election can drastically improve the lifetime of network. This paper proposes LEF-P, a protocol...
A new wireless networking paradigm for mobile hosts is Adhoc network. These networks have prompted the development of an alternative way for mobile device communication in which each node communicates with each other over wireless without the support of an infrastructure, forming a Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET). VANET (Vehicular Adhoc Net-work), a subset of MANET is a network in which vehicles can...
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