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During 2016 boreal summer and fall, a strong negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event occurred, which led to large climate impacts such as the drought over East Africa. In this study, efforts are made to understand the dynamics of this IOD event and to evaluate real-time IOD predictions from current operational seasonal forecast systems. We show that both the wind-evaporation-SST and thermocline feedback...
The authors present an air–sea coupled dynamic moisture (ASDM) model to explore the mechanism of preferred planetary scale of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). This ASDM model, extended from the original frictionally coupled dynamic moisture model and a mixed layer model, can present a good simulation of planetary-scale characteristics of the MJO, including a slow eastward propagation of 5 m s−1...
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