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Seasonal and emerging epidemics caused by influenza virus remain as a public health concern and an economic burden. The weak immunogenicity of conserved epitopes on hemagglutinin that induces broad protective immune responses is the main obstacle to the development of universal vaccines. In the present report, we designed the cross-subtypic sequential vaccination strategy and evaluated its neutralizing...
Cholera toxin (CT) and its subunits (A and B) have been intensively investigated as adjuvants for protein-based vaccines. Their underlying mechanisms vary with respect to the inoculation route used. By fusing the CTA gene to either the HIV-1-derived Tat-Rev-Vif-Integrase-Nef fusion gene or the OVA gene, our study showed that the fusion of CTA in these DNA vaccines had no cytotoxic effect in vitro...
We describe here a single plasmid DNA immunogen representing the broadest antigen repertoire among HIV vaccine candidates. This pDNA was “ANTIGENeered” for the regulated expression of thirteen complete and two non-functional HIV protein antigens. These proteins self assemble into complex virus-like particles (VLP + ). Multiple irreversible safety features were introduced by genetic modifications...
Interest is increasing regarding replicating poxvirus as HIV vaccine vector. In China, the Tiantan Vaccinia Virus (TV) has been used most extensively in the battle of eradicating smallpox. Recently, TV was developing as vaccine vector to fight against infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, replicating vaccinia virus sometimes may pose serious post-vaccination complications,...
An effective vaccine strategy for HIV-1 will probably require the induction and maintenance of both humoral and cellular immunity at mucosal and systemic sites. We tested a new prime-boost approach of intranasal priming with 3×10 6 PFU of replicative recombinant Tiantan vaccinia virus (rTTV) and intramuscular boosting with 100μg DNA plasmid expressing HIV-1 Gag in BALB/c mice along with other...
Cellular recognition of double-stranded RNA and subsequent antiviral molecular events are important components of host defense, which are responsible for initiating innate immune responses to infection. Here we showed that hairpin RNA molecules with various stem lengths, which were transcribed from antigen-encoding plasmids had profound effects on the host cell apoptosis, foreign gene expression as...
HIV-1 pandemic posed an unprecedent challenge to the global health and it is believed that an effective vaccine will be the final solution against HIV-1. HIV-1 envelope is the primary immunogen in developing neutralization antibody based HIV vaccine. To define the suitable Env derived immunogen, we systemically compared the immunogenicity of gp140 and gp145 in a DNA vaccination alone and a prime-boost...
An effective vaccine strategy for HIV-1 will probably requires the induction and maintenance of both humoral and cellular immunity. We tested a new prime–boost approach of intranasal priming with 10μg DNA plasmid in the PEI/DNA complexes and boosting with 10 7 PFU of replicative recombinant TianTan vaccinia virus (rTTV) expressing HIV-1 Gag in BALB/c mice. Intranasal priming with PEI/DNA complexes...
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