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A placer without considering modern technology and region constraints could generate solutions with irresolvable detailed-routing violations or even illegal solutions. This paper presents a high-quality placement algorithm to satisfy technology and region constraints and optimize detailed-routing routability with three major techniques: (1) a clustering algorithm followed by two-round quadratic placement...
Gallium nitride (GaN)-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) equipped with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) and covered with either red or green phosphor layers are fabricated to form quasi-monochromatic red or green light sources. Titanium oxide and silicon oxide layers are alternately deposited to form the DBR with high reflectivity of 94.6% at 450 nm on the top of the GaN LEDs. The upward propagating...
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