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Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to determine the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in type 2 diabetic patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and examine the relationship of 25(OH)D and MCI with other clinical factors. One hundred and sixty-five diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Among whom, 95 patients were...
Reduction of pancreatic β-cell mass is a key element leading to type 2 diabetes. Obesity and overweight with high levels of lipids including cholesterol are tightly linked to type 2 diabetes. The direct impact of cholesterol on pancreatic β-cells, however, has not been extensively studied. In this study, MIN6 mouse β-cell line was used to test the effect of cholesterol on pancreatic β-cell apoptosis...
Hypothyroidism is often related with increased blood pressure, yet, gender-specific associations between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and hypertension have not been previously assessed. We conducted a large-scale, cross-sectional study from six districts of Jiangsu Province to investigate the association of SCH and blood pressure in female and male adults. In the studied population, 4725 participants...
The relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and blood pressure has been controversial and received unsufficient attention. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study conducted among 6,992 inhabitants from six districts of Jiangsu Province to investigate the association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction with blood pressure in China. The data from 6,583 subjects (4,115 women and 2,468...
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is an important pathological change in type 2 diabetes, which is tightly related to obesity. However, the direct role of adipose tissue in β-cell dysfunction has not been well understood. In this study, we examined the effects of 3T3-L1 adipocytes on MIN6 insulin-secreting cells in a co-culture system. MIN6 cells used here kept most of β-cell functions but less sensitive...
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has distinct effects on insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells between rats and mice. Using a confocal microscope, we compared changes between rats and mice in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) in pancreatic β-cells stimulated by extracellular ATP. Extracellular ATP (50 µM) induced calcium release from intracellular calcium stores by activating...
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