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A robot called the Closed-chain Robot for Assisting in Manual Exercise and Rehabilitation (CRAMER) was developed to assist impaired persons in making three degree-of-freedom movements of the forearm and wrist (forearm supination/pronation, wrist flexion/extension, and wrist ulnar/radial deviation). With a parts and machining cost of less than $1500, this robot was designed to be inexpensive by using...
This paper presents a novel design for a 4 degree of freedom pneumatically-actuated upper-limb rehabilitation device. BONES is based on a parallel mechanism that actuates the upper arm by means of two passive, sliding rods pivoting with respect to a fixed structural frame. Four, mechanically-grounded pneumatic actuators are placed behind the main structural frame to control shoulder motion via the...
The number of chondrogenic cells available locally is an important factor in the repair process for cartilage defects. Previous studies demonstrated that the number of transplanted rabbit perichondrial cells (PC) remaining in a cartilage defect in vivo, after being carried into the site in a polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold, declined markedly within two days. This study examined the ability of in vitro...
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