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Superheated hexane extraction has been tested for obtaining fatty acids from grape seed and compared with conventional Soxhlet and hot hexane extractions. Seeds from grape residues from a winery were dried for 46h at 105°C, milled and sieved by particle size (d<0.42mm, 0.42<d<0.84mm and d>0.84mm). An optimization study of influential variables on superheated hexane extraction (namely extraction...
A fast, clean and easy to automate flow injection-pervaporation method for the determination of ethanol in different beverages using density measurements is proposed. The method is based on separation of the ethanol from the sample using a pervaporation module; the analyte being collected in water as acceptor liquid. The density of this water-alcohol mixture is measured at the detector. After optimisation...
Eleven elements, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Sr, Li and Rb, were determined in dry and sweet wines bearing the denominations of origin of El Hierro, La Palma and Lanzarote islands (Canary Islands, Spain). Analyses were performed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with the exceptions of lithium and rubidium for which flame atomic emission spectrophotometry was used. Sweet wines from La...
A simultaneous and fast method for the determination of total polyphenol index (t.p.i.) and total anthocyan index (t.a.i.) has been developed by a flow injection approach and a diode array spectrophotometer for monitoring at 280 and 520 nm, respectively. Linear ranges were obtained from 20 to 70 index units and from 20 to 500 mg l -1 for the t.p.i. and t.a.i., respectively. The results...
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