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The issue of how epistemic uncertainties affect the outcome of Monte Carlo simulation is discussed by means of a concrete use case: the simulation of the longitudinal energy deposition profile of low energy protons. A variety of electromagnetic and hadronic physics models is investigated, and their effects are analyzed. Possible systematic effects are highlighted. The results identify requirements...
A study has been performed to evaluate the effect of normalization criteria applied to the comparison of depth dose profiles relevant to proton therapy applications. The results suggest that the widely used criterion of rescaling dose profiles based on the Bragg peak height (or on the dose value at any specific depth) affects the outcome of the goodness-of-fit tests. A normalization procedure consisting...
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