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Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under laser illumination and microspot X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (micro-ESCA) have been utilized to study the local variation of the photovoltaic properties and of the stoichiometry of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cell absorbers. The STM results clearly demonstrate that the photovoltaic quantities like the local surface photovoltage (SPV) and photoinduced...
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