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In this paper, the variation of side lobe level (SLL) of ‘optimized uniformly excited time-modulated linear antenna array’ (OUE-TMLAA) with different number of antenna elements is presented. To realize the optimized array patterns of the arrays, sideband levels (SBLs) is suppressed to below −30 dB and the increase on first null beam width (FNBW) is restricted within 35% of that of the ‘uniformly excited...
A system using frequency offset based transmit-reference (TR) modulation allows multiple nodes to transmit simultaneously and asynchronously without any mutual timing coordination. Thus, such a system provides inherent capabilities for a multiple access in the medium access control (MAC) layer to coordinate the shared use of the common wireless medium among the nodes of the wireless sensor network...
This paper presents a new technique to reduce side lobe levels (SLLs) and side band levels (SBLs) in time modulated antenna arrays (TMAAs) by optimizing discrete values of static excitation amplitudes and continuous values of on-time duration of the antenna elements. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique has been utilized to suppress SLL and maximum of SBL (SBLmax) to a pre-defined desired...
In addition to the desired frequency, theoretically the Time Modulated Antenna Array (TMAA) radiates signals at the infinite number of different harmonics of the modulation frequency. But the radiation energy at the first few harmonics (called sidebands) is most significant. In this paper, the maximum radiation at first two harmonics of TMAA has been studied for the different values of the side lobe...
In addition to fundamental frequency, Time Modulated Antenna Array (TMAA) also radiates at different harmonics (sideband) of modulation frequency Generally radiation at first few harmonics contain significant amount of power. In this paper, the maximum radiations at first three sidebands of uniformly excited TMAA are characterized by uniformly changing switch-on time of each element. The normalized...
A few variants of Differential Evolution (DE) technique have been implemented on short-term economic generation scheduling of hydrothermal systems. The performance of these variants of DE is demonstrated on a test system comprising of hydro and thermal units. A multi-reservoir cascaded hydrothermal system with non-linear relationship between water discharge rate, power generation and net head is taken...
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