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The transient nonlinear equation that describes the fast varying field in microstructure fibers (photonic crystal fibers) is established. In this equation, the frequency and wavenumber are functions of time. It is solved using two methods (the Volterra series integration and the Laplace transformation) and validated by comparing its simulation results with those of reported experiments and published...
The dimensions of copper through-silicon vias (Cu-TSVs) have been shrunk to a microscopic scale, where the sizes of the copper grains are comparable to the vias, and thus the microstructure of the copper in the vias should be taken into consideration for reliability predictions. This paper focuses on the influences of the grain size distributions on the thermal-mechanical behaviors of the TSVs. Copper...
Miniaturization of instrument and device has changed the world greatly. Miniature instrument and device are composed of micro parts and microstructures. The realization of micro parts and microstructures calls for high micro machining capabilities. Micro electrical discharge machining (EDM) has earned its place in the field of micro machining because of its machining without contact and high ability...
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