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In a multi-energy microgrid system, meteorology factors can not only affect output of renewable resources, but also affect cooling and heating demand. Considering relationship of meteorology factors (solar insolation, wind speed, outdoor temperature) and cooling, heating, electricity demand of users in a multi-energy microgrid system, this paper proposes a model which can describe relationship between...
In this study, PID controller instrument design for controlling the input current to thermoelectric cooler (TEC). For cooling process, we used thermoelectric type of 12706 with active material of Bi2Te3. The instrument was tested by comparing the cooling process with and without PID control. Without PID control, the TEC modules cooled the temperature down to 11 “C within 6538 seconds. This temperature...
Battery thermal management (BTM) system is indispensable for compact lithium-ion (Li-ion) energy storage system used in aerospace and automotive applications. Besides maintaining the battery temperature within an optimum range, thus extending their lifespan and improving their electrochemical and electrical performance, the BTM system also needs to be well designed with considering the rigorous constraints...
A remarkable progress has recently been achieved in studies of thermodynamics and heat machines, with experiments probing down to micro and nano-scale systems such as the single Brownian particle [1], as well as the single atom [2]. However, despite several theoretical proposals [3, 4], implementation of heat machines in the fully quantum regime remains a challenge. We report on an experimental realization...
This study investigated how the perception of skin temperature is affected by asymmetrically changing hot and cold stimuli applied to nearby sections of the skin. In the first part of the study, different rates and starting temperatures were applied to evaluate the time at which the temperature change was first noticed. In the second part, a method of asymmetrically-applied hot and cold stimuli was...
Recent development in fastener industry has heightened the need for steel wire coil. The wire usually has to be annealed to improve its cold formability. The quality of spheroidizing annealed wire affects the forming quality of screws. Various parameters affect the quality of spheroidized annealing such as spheroidized annealing temperature, prolonged heating time, furnace cooling temperature. The...
Radio-electronic devices and complexes typically have a multi-level hierarchical structure with complexly interconnected elements within the system and are often used in difficult operating conditions, including the conditions of information conflict. These devices and complexes have to meet strict requirements in reliability, efficiency, and quality. Traditionally, the problems of the analysis of...
Today, phase change material (PCM) are integrated to cooling system of photovoltaic panels. There are many reasons (safe, abundant, affordable…) to use phase change material (PCM) in this field. The PCM may play an important role in increasing efficiency of PV cells. This paper describes a detailed physical issue in order to understand the effect of PCM in keeping PV cell temperature close to ambient...
The paper provides the most comprehensive set of relevant parameters research incubation processes, which demonstrates the need for their implementation and introduction of new or upgrading used modes and means of work. Currently established means of monitoring and control are applied only for stationary regimes. This article discusses new regimes and approaches to their implementation.
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