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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at summarizing available data on the impact of PCV10 and PCV13 in reducing the incidence of CAP hospitalizations in children aged <5years.A systematic search of the literature was conducted. We included time-series analyses and before-after studies, reporting the incidence of hospitalization for pneumonia in the periods before and after the introduction...
B lineage mismatch prompted introduction of quadri-valent influenza vaccines (QIV) with two influenza B viruses representing distinct antigenic lineages. To explore the impact on antibody induction and vaccine effectiveness predicted from antibody (VEab), we performed a systematic literature search on immunogenicity studies conducted to assess antibody superiority of QIV over trivalent influenza vaccine...
Human papillomavirus vaccines have demonstrated remarkable efficacy against persistent infection and disease associated with vaccine-incorporated genotypes and a degree of efficacy against some genetically related, non-vaccine-incorporated genotypes. The vaccines differ in the extent of cross-protection against these non-vaccine genotypes. Data supporting the role for neutralizing antibodies as a...
Simpler schedules for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine delivery could improve vaccine coverage and the effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention. The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence about the effects of two-dose compared with three-dose schedules for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and to describe the uptake of two-dose HPV vaccination schedules globally. We searched...
Older adults are prioritized for influenza vaccination but also have lowered antibody responses to the vaccine. Higher-doses of influenza antigen may increase immune response and thus be more effective. Our objectives were to compare the efficacy and safety of the high-dose influenza vaccine to the standard-dose influenza vaccine in the elderly (age>65).Data sources: Randomized trials (RCTs) from...
The response rate to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is low and varies markedly. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the response rate to HBV vaccination and identified the factors predictive of an immune response.We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, and reviewed the titles and abstracts of studies...
Vaccination is a key intervention to reduce infectious disease mortality and morbidity amongst older individuals. Identifying social factors for vaccine uptake enables targeted interventions to reduce health inequalities.To systematically appraise and quantify social factors associated with vaccine uptake amongst individuals aged ≥60years from Europe.We searched Medline and Embase from inception to...
The clinical effectiveness of monovalent influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccines has not been comprehensively summarised. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) for adjuvanted and unadjuvanted vaccines.We searched healthcare databases and grey literature from 11 June 2009 to 12 November 2014. Two researchers independently assessed titles and abstracts to identify...
Determining the incidence, disease-associated serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children in Africa is essential in order to monitor the impact of these infections prior to widespread introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).To provide updated estimates of the incidence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile...
In the elderly, traditional influenza inactivated vaccines are often only modestly immunogenic, owing to immunosenescence. Given that adjuvantation is a means of enhancing the immune response, the trivalent inactivated vaccine adjuvanted with MF59 (MF59-TIV) was specifically designed to overcome this problem. Considering that, for ethical reasons, the absolute effectiveness of an influenza vaccine...
Hepatitis B vaccination is critical in preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and transmission. However, the impact of obesity on immune response to hepatitis B vaccine remains unclear.We performed a meta-analysis of the literature and summarized the results of immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among persons with and without obesity. We used Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library...
Biological sex can be an important source of variation in infection and immunity and sex-dependent differences in immune response to vaccination have been reported in some studies.We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of vaccine trials from one research centre, in which vaccines were administered to children under three years of age and immunological parameters measured. Log-transformed...
Data on the efficacy of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23) in preventing adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among the target population of individuals aged over 65 years and high-risk individuals aged 19–64 years are conflicting. As the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recently demonstrated PPV-23 is likely beneficial to immunocompromised adults...
An estimated 5–10% of adults do not seroconvert after a three-dose primary course of hepatitis B vaccines, and are considered non-responders. Many approaches have been used to induce immunity in healthy adult non-responders, but few studies have compared their relative effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroconversion rates after additional doses of four approaches:...
Previous research shows immune response to vaccination differs by sex but this has not been explored for IMVAMUNE®, a replication-deficient smallpox vaccine developed in response to the potential for bioterrorism using smallpox.We conducted a participant-level meta-analysis (N=275, 136 men, 139 women) of 3 randomized trials of IMVAMUNE conducted at 13 centers in the US through a federally-funded extramural...
Considering the febrile seizure rate, there is no longer a clear preference for use of measles–mumps–rubella–varicella (MMRV) vaccine over separate measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) and varicella (V) vaccine. This work was undertaken to assess the risk of febrile seizure after MMRV vaccine in children.We searched PubMed, Embase, BIOSIS Previews, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and other databases...
Cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) have been occasionally associated with influenza vaccines; this possible risk, even if rare, is a matter of much concern. To investigate the strength of this association, a systematic review and a meta-analysis have been conducted; for the purpose, controlled observational studies addressing the risk of GBS associated with different influenza vaccines were sought...
There are two group A rotavirus (RVA) vaccines available worldwide since 2006: monovalent (Rotarix®, RV1) and pentavalent (RotaTeq®, RV5). Currently, 16 countries and 1 territory in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have introduced RVA vaccines and since their introduction several impact and effectiveness studies have been conducted in different countries. The purpose of this study was to assess...
Missed opportunities for immunization (MOIs) may contribute to low coverage in diverse settings, including developing countries.We conducted a systematic literature review on MOIs among children and women of childbearing age from 1991 to the present in low- and middle-income countries. We searched multiple databases and the references of retrieved articles. Meta-analysis provided a pooled prevalence...
The World Health Organization has stipulated a target: reduce the mortality rate caused by dengue disease by 50% until 2020. Most likely, this goal can be achieved by means of a dengue vaccine. Accordingly, the recombinant and tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV), developed by the Sanofi Pasteur Group, is in an advanced stage of human testing. Although there are multiple randomized, placebo-controlled...
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