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Low-speed, rear end motor vehicle collisions may cause small but significant medial meniscal tears that have been previously unexplained in published literature. The medial meniscus can be torn when a compressive load is applied to the leg in the flexed position and is then twisted. Rear end collisions occurring at low speeds may produce loading patterns to the legs of the occupants that are capable...
Understanding the relationship between different kinds of mechanical loading and the failure of the intervertebral disc is difficult to study in vivo and in vitro. Through finite element studies some of these issues may be overcome enabling more detailed assessment of the biomechanical behavior of the intervertebral disc. The objective of this paper is to develop a nonlinear axisymmetric poroelastic...
To establish three dimensional finite element model of the whole cervical spine and investigate biomechanical characteristic of the human cervical spine for application of clinical diagnosis and therapy. Method: A healthy adult female was subjected, three dimensional finite element model of the whole cervical spine was established using the method of 3D interpolation with CT. Result: The model included...
The goal of this study is showing the effects of bone mass density and bone-implant interface characteristics on maximum stress in mandible bone. A 3D nonlinear finite element analysis has been done on a planted titanium cylindrical implant with frictional contact of bone-implant interface. Considering the coulomb frictional contact, maximum Von Misses stress increases in cancellous bone, prominently...
Ligaments in the knee that connect the femur to the tibia are often torn during a sudden twisting motion, which results in instability in the knee. In such cases ligament repair surgery may be an effective treatment where the ligament involved is replaced with a piece of healthy tendon which is grafted into place to hold the knee joint together. A novel device for use in knee ligament repair surgery...
The objective of this study is to develop a detailed three-dimensional geometrically and biomechanically accurate finite element model of the human lower cervical spine (C4-C6), and applied to determination of movement of the mobile type artificial disc replacement Prodisc-C made by Synthes. 3D (FE) model of the multi-level cervical spine was consists of three vertebrae and two intervertebral discs...
Abstract-Objective: To analyze the biomechanical influences on cervical vertebra after the removal of nucleus going with the cervical disc degradation, and to inspect the immediate stability and bone fusion rate with artificial double Cage fusion setting into intervertebral disc.Methods: to establish precisely with CAE method four finite element models as followed: C3-6 normal height disc model, C4-5...
We present a reduced order finite element (FE) algorithm suitable for real-time nonlinear simulation of soft tissues. A dynamic FE formulation with explicit time integration is employed. We demonstrate significant computation acceleration by performing the time integration in a low-dimensional generalised basis, generated from a set of a priori training simulations. The key mechanism for the acceleration...
In order to check validity of the porcine ligamentum flavum as a substitute of human tissue for evaluating the epidural needles, the thickness and the Young's modulus were measured, and a finite element analysis was carried out. Twenty-four specimens were stained by the Elastica-van Gieson method. The average value of the thickness was 1.2 mm. The tensile tester was employed for measuring the Young's...
Detachment of greater trochanter (GT) is generally associated with hip arthroplasty complications and needs for repositioning and fixation. A new GT reattachment system (Y3) was proposed to reduce GT displacements in anterior-posterior direction to decrease non-union issues. The goal of this study is to develop and validate a FEM of the Y3 GTR system. FEM validation suggests a good concordance between...
A variable diameter trial liner (VDTL) was designed to reduce the costs related to cleaning, sterilisation and storage of surgical instruments used for total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to develop a finite element model to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the VDTL before manufacturing of a functional prototype. The finite element analysis consists to identify the maximum stresses...
The apparent correlation between bone density and susceptibility to fracture was evaluated using finite element modeling. Based on computed tomography data of an actual femur bone, a versatile virtual model was created and modified in order to simulate different bone geometries and densities. Under typical load conditions the highest strains were calculated for the inferior side of the femur shaft,...
Background: Treatment of malignant tumors of the pelvis, especially in the periacetabular region continues to present one of the most challenging problems in oncological and orthopedic surgery. Even now, hindquarter amputation is still the only choice for some patients, but hindquarter amputation can cause much trouble in sitting, standing and in fitting the exoprosthesis of patients after amputation,...
The focus of this work is the coupling of a 1-D lumped parameter model representing the circulatory system to a 3-D finite element based left ventricle (LV) model in order to study the effects of mild hypertension on the cardiovascular system. A Finite Element LV model under normotensive loading (116/80 mmHg) was developed as well as a mild hypertension (165/90 3-D finite element mmHg) model. In both...
The main idea to correct sight disorders using lasers is to modify corneal curvature by applying laser to specific layers of the cornea. Intrastromal photorefractive keratectomy is a laser technique used to correct sight disorders by evaporating corneal tissue, which results in small cavities that may coincide to form a larger cavity that will collapse to deform the curvature of the cornea. In this...
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