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Network layers such as IP/MPLS and OTN/ASON each has its own failure protection scheme. We propose a coordinated protection plan, so called protection synergy, to protect all possible dual failures by utilizing existing single failure protection schemes. There are two aspects essential for effective dual failure protection: One is to guarantee the connectivity under any dual fiber failures, the other...
Many imperfect maintenance models have been developed to mathematically characterize the efficiency of maintenance activity from various points of view. However, the adequacy of an imperfect maintenance model must be validated before it is used in decision making. The most adequate imperfect maintenance model among the candidates to facilitate decision making is also desired.
To better describe the reality that repaired systems are neither in “as good as new” nor “as bad as old” conditions, many imperfect maintenance models have been developed in the past decades to mathematically characterize the maintenance quality from various points of view. However, without complete knowing the potential physics of failures and the mechanism of improvement from repair, but only with...
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