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Short-wavelength radiation sources are indispensible tools in advancing science and technology. Extending these sources to shorter wavelengths requires improved undulator performance, especially at short periods. Present undulator designs, superconducting and permanent magnet, have shortcomings as the period is decreased. In addition, they require complex systems, cryogenics and/or mechanical gap...
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) is completing assembly of a 350 MHz, 200 kW CW, multiple beam inductive output tube (MBIOT). The MBIOT will provide a new, high power, RF source for accelerators and colliders. The target efficiency is 70% with a predicted gain exceeding 22 dB. The IOT operates at 30 kV with an average current of 1.4A.
Design improvements and steps toward fabrication of a 10 MW, 1.3 GHz Annular Beam Klystron are described. The principal design improvement is in the electron gun. Utilization of a CCR Controlled Porosity Reservoir (CPR) cathode improved the beam quality and allows reduction in the gun diameter. The cathode current density is 16 A/cm2, which constitutes a modest loading for a CPR cathode and is consistent...
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) is developing a system to couple radiation out of gyrotrons that is broadband and eliminates the need for an external matching optical unit. A critical component is a Brewster window in HE11 waveguide. This paper describes the design and thermal-mechanical analysis of the window. It also briefly describes a more efficient method for calculating the efficiency of...
Design improvements and fabrication of a 10 MW, 1.3 GHz Annular Beam Klystron are described. The principal improvement is the electron gun. Utilization of a Controlled Porosity Reservoir (CPR) cathode allows the use of a zero-compression gun, resulting in improved beam quality and reductions in the gun and solenoid diameters.
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is developing a system for coupling radiation out of gyrotrons that eliminates the external matching optical unit and is broadband. A critical component is a Brewster window in HE11 waveguide. This paper describes the design and thermal-mechanical modeling of the window.
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is developing a 10 kW CW, high efficiency, S-band, Periodic Permanent Magnet (PPM) focused klystron capable of driving accelerator cavities. The presentation will describe the design, computational analysis, and measured results. Measurements will be compared to simulation results from the large signal codes KLSC and Tesla.
Efforts are continuing to improve the quality of controlled porosity reservoir cathodes and measure performance. CPR cathodes are being incorporated into several new configurations, including a magnetron injection gun, 15-beam klystron, and a Pierce gun for a 50 MW X-Band klystron. Improved computational tools assist users in CPR cathode design.
Present magnetic undulators have shortcomings at short periods making them expensive to construct, operate and maintain. The Asymmetric Immersed Pole (AIP) undulator concept avoids many of these complexities by using soft iron to convert axial to transverse field. This paper presents results from an investigation of AIP undulators.
A 15-beam electron gun was designed, fabricated, and installed on a 100 KW, X-Band klystron. The gun uses controlled porosity reservoir (CPR) cathodes operating at 30 A/cm2 to provide the high quality electron beams for the RF circuit. Because the CPR cathodes can provide such a high current density with a long lifetime, the beam can be generated without compression. This greatly simplifies the gun...
Single crystals of Na4.5Nd0.5UO6 were grown out of a molten hydroxide flux and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Na4.5Nd0.5UO6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Fddd with a = 6.6574(5) Å, b = 9.7031(6) Å, and c = 20.1571(13) Å. The material exhibits an ordered rock salt structure type. The uranium atoms are located in a distorted UO6 octahedral coordination environment...
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is developing a system for broadband coupling of RF power from gyrotrons that eliminates the external matching optic unit. A critical component is a Brewster window in HE1,1 waveguide. This paper describes the design of a window in 32 mm diameter HE1,1 guide operating around 110 GHz.
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is developing a system for coupling radiation out of gyrotrons that eliminates the need for an external matching optic unit and is broad-band. A critical component is a Brewster window in HE11 waveguide. This paper describes the design of a window in 32 mm diameter HE guide operating around 110 GHz.
Calabazas Creek Research is developing a 10 kW CW high efficiency S-band Periodic Permanent Magnet (PPM) focused klystron capable of driving advanced accelerator superconducting cavities. This klystron addresses needs for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. We will present tabulated and graphical data showing in detail the performance of this CW klystron. We will...
The finite element field solvers in Beam Optics Analyzer (BOA), Poisson solver using scalar shape functions and Curl-Curl solver using vector shape functions for interpolation, have already had a built-in adaptivity but only serially. The new parallel adaptivity in BOA takes full advantage of the current low-cost highperformance multi-core processors making adaptive meshing highly efficient. Parallel...
High current density cathodes are being developed for high frequency RF sources into the Terahertz regime. These cathodes allow significant reduction in cathode size, significantly improving performance and facilitating assembly of the RF device. High current density operation reduces, or eliminates, beam compression between the cathode and RF circuit. This is facilitating the development of a new...
The design of a 10 MW, 1.3 GHz Annular Beam Klystron for ILC has been analyzed in detail and optimized. Concerns about the diocotron instability were addressed by MAGIC simulations, which showed the growth to be negligible. Design improvements reduced the number of cavities to six and increased the efficiency to 66%. The magnetic field was reduced by 25%, decreasing the power required for the solenoid...
This paper will describe the new capability in BOA, the heat transfer integration with particle simulations. It will discuss implemented techniques to smooth the wall power density field generated by electron energy. It will explain the finite element method with adaptivity used to solve the heat equation, and provide numerical results to demonstrate the implementation.
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